Development Of The New Type Copper Sulfide Electrode And Its Application In The Smart Heating Film

Transparent conducting electrodes(TCEs)as essential components of optoelectronic device are widely used in photovoltaic cells,organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs),sensors,touchscreens,and displays.Recently,an interesting application of TCEs,in which they used as visibly transparent heaters,has attracted wide attention.Transparent heaters are widely used in technologies such as window defrosting/defogging,displays,gas sensing,and medical equipment.Apart from mechanical robustness and electrical and optical reliabilities,outstanding chemical stability is also critical to the application of transparent heaters.Among all kinds of Indium tin oxide-free conducting electrodes,mental network electrodes are highly concerned because of their high transmittance and conductivity comparing with other conducting electrodes.However,base metal material(like Ag and Cu)commonly used has some drawbacks including poor chemical stability and easy corrosion which limited their application strictly.However,the new copper sulfide grid electrode has good chemical stability and mechanical stability,and the preparation cost is low.In this work,we prepared a smart heating film with high flexibility,high conductivity and high transmittance basing on three aspects.(1)Using a crack pattern created by volatilization and self-cracking of titania colloidal solution as a template,a copper sulfide grid-like conductive electrode with controllable conductivity and light transmission performance was developed over a large area,and the resulting flexible electrode had excellent performance(in square resistance 21.5 Ω sq-1.Under condition,the light transmittance reaches 80%),and it has very good stability under different pH conditions.(2)The copper sulfide flexible conductive film is used for heating applications for the first time.The thermal resistance of the copper sulfide heating film is as high as 197°CW-1 cm2.The response time is as low as 30 s or less,and about 110℃ can be achieved at a lower input voltage.The uniform temperature of a large area of heat,with good thermal stability.(3)The flexible temperature sensor is highly integrated on one side of the heating film for temperature detection and reads and controls the temperature in real time through the wireless Bluetooth device in the mobile phone.Based on the wireless control system,we demonstrated the application of copper sulfide heaters in snow removal from solar panels.The highly integrated intelligent flexible heating and temperature control film developed in this work is expected to be applied to human body wearable electronic devices to realize real-time detection of human health.