Study On Land Ecological Security Evaluation Of Typical Ecologically Vulnerable Counties In Jinsha River Basin

In 2018,for the first time,the Constitutional Amendment of the People's Republic of China has historically incorporated“Ecological Civilization Construction”into the Constitution.In the accelerated development stage of urbanization centered on economic construction,the contradiction between man and land,soil pollution,habitat destruction and other land ecological problems frequently occur,and the improvement of people's good living standards and the sustainable development of economic society have encountered bottlenecks.The regional characteristics of mountain rivers in Jinsha River Basin are obvious,which is not only the significant point area of ecological barrier in China,but also the special difficult area in our country.The rich mineral deposits and water can make the area affected by human activities for a long time,and the ecological environment is incompatible with the development model.In order to construct a green land space,it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the level of land ecological security in ecologically fragile areas,and propose suggestions and policies to strengthen land ecological management and protection in order to improve the quality of land development and utilization,and to overcome poverty.The mission provides ecological protection and provides guidance for the sustainable use of land resources.Dongchuan District,Kunming City,Yunnan Province is located in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River Basin.The ecological environment is extremely fragile,soil erosion is serious,and it is difficult to get rid of the vicious circle of“ecological destruction-soil erosion-farmland reduction-population poverty-steep slope cultivation-ecological destruction”.Due to the single industrial structure and weak agricultural infrastructure,it restricts the employment transfer of rural labor and the income increase of the poor.In addition,with the gradual depletion of mineral resources after the reform and opening up,a large number of gobs have appeared in the mining areas of the region.Subsidence area and geological hazard area.Therefore,this paper takes Dongchuan District as the research area,based on the socio-economic and land-use change data,and combines the regional sustainable development task requirements of national poverty-stricken counties and resource-reduced cities,based on“Driving force?D?Sstate?S?-Response?R?framework model constructs a land ecological security evaluation system that conforms to the regional characteristics of Dongchuan District.The range method and the combination weighting method?entropy method-AHP?,multi-standard evaluation method were used to calculate the ecological security value of land in Dongchuan district from 2013 to 2017,and the spatio-temporal variation rule of land ecological security in Dongchuan district was analyzed in order to put forward the relevant countermeasures and measures system.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.It can be seen from the measured ecological security value of the land that although the land ecosystem of Dongchuan District has been damaged to a certain extent,it still maintains basic functions and has the ability of sustainable development.In 2013-2017,the overall safety level of the study area showed a volatility overall trend.In 2013,the ecological environment was in a sensitive state?Level II??LES is0.406428?.In 2014,it plummeted to 0.339695,which was a bad state?Level I?.The ecological structure was significantly damaged.The problem of soil erosion was more serious,and the soil heavy metals exceeded the standard.However,since 2015,the level of ecological safety has gradually improved,reaching a good state?level IV?in2017?LES is 0.649116?.The improvement of land ecological security level in Dongchuan District is mainly based on the following reasons:First,the regional GDP has increased significantly compared with the base period,and the improvement of economic conditions has enhanced the stability of the land ecosystem.Second,the series of measures such as slope-changing ladders,returning farmland to forests?grass?and other steep slope farmland and barren hills and wasteland remediation have realized the intensification of agricultural production,the development of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry,the per capita income of farmers,and the self-recovery of ecosystems.Enhanced.Third,government departments continue to intervene,and ecological problems such as soil erosion and air pollution are controlled.Fourth,the company's emission reduction technology has been continuously improved,and the people's awareness of ecological and environmental protection has gradually increased.2.In 2013-2017,Dongchuan District's driving force,status,and response safety values increased to different degrees from the initial year.Among the them,the response security index layer has the greatest impact on the comprehensive evaluation of the whole region,followed by the driving force index layer and the state index layer.Among them,in the response layer index,the surface water quality is better or better than the proportion of the class III water body?r₈?;in the driving force index layer,the proportion of the steep slope farmland area?d₇?is the most affected;in the state layer index,the forest coverage rate?s₃?The degree of influence is the greatest.It can be seen that anti-jamming measures such as the"eight major projects"need to be continuously strengthened to maintain a gradual improvement.3.In order to ensure the ecological security and stability of the land in Dongchuan District,the following measures are taken in accordance with the DSR model:?1?Driving force layer:?1?Rationally arrange surplus labor and coordinate local and local relations;?2?Promote green economy development,and smoothly achieve poverty alleviation Objectives;?3?Reasonably renovate sloping farmland and increase land productivity.?2?State layer:?1?Strengthen water resources management,repair afforestation according to local conditions;?2?Optimize land use structure and implement land ecological protection plan;?3?Strengthen ecological restoration and environmental protection,and build a new pattern of rural development.?3?Response layer:?1?Adhere to the guidance of government organizations to promote the ecological awareness of the whole people;?2?Increase the ecological input of land and adjust the structure of economic industry;?3?Innovate sustainable development and promote the protection of land ecological security.