| Aluminum is a kind of useful metal resources,which is significant to the industrialization and economic development.At the same time,the processes of production and manufacture have a high material consumption,energy consumption and pollution emission.In order to improve the using efficiency of resources and energy,reduce the emission of pollutants and improve the economic efficiency of aluminum production,this paper uses the material flow analysis(MFA)to analyze the production process,the manufacturing stage,the use stage and the recycling stage.In addition,entropy analysis and value flow analysis are adopted to analyze the degree of aggregation and the economy of aluminum production.MFA is a method to study the metabolism of material resources in economic production activities,which is used to study the flow of aluminum resources in Chinese aluminum industry from 1990 to 2014.Resource conversion rate,trade balance and environmental pressure are considered,the following results are got:First,the level of production technology in Chinese aluminum industry is increasing and the emission of pollutants is declining.It is worth noting that a stable bauxite source for the sustainable development of aluminum industry is very important,due to the lack of bauxite in China.Second,the energy consumption in the link of electrolytic aluminum is the highest,and this energy consumption in recent years is about half of the total energy consumption of aluminum products,electrolytic aluminum is the key link to save energy in the future.Third,the effect of recycled aluminum on resource saving is analyzed.Through entropy analysis,it is obvious that the curves of RE in 1990,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2014 showed a downward trend,which indicated that aluminum resource aggregation status was getting better and better,fewer and fewer pollution is discharged into environment,the utilization efficiency of aluminum resources is constantly improving.The RE value at point 5 is more than 1,which means that a large amount of pollution is generated,and the content of aluminum in the pollutant is small and the recovery is difficult.In the part of the value flow analysis,the analysis found that Chinese aluminum production technology is relatively backward,and production cost is high,the imported prices of products are significantly higher than the exported prices,and the domestic prices of alumina and primary are higher than the imported price.Moreover,the production costs of recycled and primary are calculated,the result shows that the cost of recycled is about 57.8%of the latter,which indicates recycled aluminum has a large advantage in economy.According to a "S" shaped curve relationship exists between per capita gross domestic product(GDP)and per capita metal consumption,the future requirement of aluminum resource is forecasted.By 2020,the increse of demand for aluminum resources has reached a maximum point,the production pressure of aluminum industry begins to decrease,the excessive expansion of aluminum industry construction should be prevented.By 2025,the demand reached its peak,the amount of recycled aluminum produced from aluminum scrap is becoming significantly higher and the high pollution of the aluminum industry is also improving. |
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