Energy Consumption And CO₂ Emission Analysis From Fertilizer Application On Different Crops In Anhui Province

Fertilizer is an extremely important basic material for agricultural production,which is not only closely related to food security and human health in China,but also closely related to major environmental protection issues such as mineral resources utilization,energy consumption and carbon emissions.Reasonable production and scientific application are one of the keys to improve the utilization of nutrient resources,protect ecological balance and environmental friendliness,and achieve sustainable development in China.Evaluating the resource and environmental impacts caused by chemical fertilizer application in food crop production is an urgent problem to be solved.Based on the environmental impacts of wheat,maize and rice fertilizer application,this study quantitatively analyzes the environmental impacts of three crop fertilizer application processes and identifies different environments by constructing an environmental impact analysis model based on life cycle assess ment.Identify the main sources and paths of different environmental impact types,and provide the theoretical foundation for the application of fertilizer pollution control.The main results are as follows:（1）From 2000 to 2016,the energy consumption value of chemical fertilizer application in early and late indica rice increased with time.In 2014,the energy consumption value of chemical fertilizer application in early indica rice was 8022.10MJ·ha^-1,which was 86.17%higher than the lowest value in 2004.In late indica rice,the energy consumption value increased from 5566.52 MJ·ha^-1 in 2000 to 8106.91MJ·ha^-1 in 2016,which was about 45.64%.The energy consumption value of indica rice decreased by 17.41%with time,while that of Japonica Rice in 2008 was 8315.43MJ·ha^-1,10.90%higher than the average value.The energy consumption value of2000-2008 was rising,and that of 2008-2016 was decreasing.The energy consumption of maize fertilizer increased by 55.50%in 2000-2004,and then fluctuated in a small range.The energy consumption value of Wheat Fertilizer Application decreased significantly in 2000-2004,increased slightly in 2004-2008,then decreased significantly in 2008-2010,returned to the energy consumption level of 2000 in 2010-2014,and then decreased.The energy consumption value in 2000was the highest,7790.00 MJ·ha^-1,and the lowest in 2010 was 6540.162 MJ·ha^-1.（2）Among the carbon emissions from the application of three crop fertilizers in 2000-2016,the carbon emissions from wheat application in 2010 were the least(1070.10 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1),and the carbon emissions were the highest in 2000(1276.32 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1),which is 1.19 times that of 2010,and the carbon emissions of agricultural resources are about 1.56-1.67 times of carbon emissions in the planting sector.In 2000,the carbon emission value of chemical fertilizer application in maize was the smallest,915.34 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1;in 2014,the carbon emission value was the largest,1420.91 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1,an increase of about 55.23%;Carbon emissions of early indica rice,late indica rice and japonica rice increased continuously.Carbon emissions of medium indica rice increased from 6286.81 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1 to 6520.87 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1 in 2000-2004,an increase of 3.7%.Carbon emissions of 2004-2006 decreased to 6246.02 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1,a decrease of about4.21%.Carbon emissions of 2006-2016 ranged from 6342.99 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1 to6471.04 kg CO₂-eq ha^-1.The carbon emission of rice fertilizer application is about 5times that of wheat and maize fertilizer application.The carbon emission of wheat and Maize in agricultural stage is about 1.55-1.67 times that of planting stage,while that of rice in agricultural stage is about 6.64-11.61 times that of planting stage.（3）Comparing the fertilizer application rate and yield of three crops in 2016and the energy consumption and carbon emissions from chemical fertilizer application,the fertilizer application rates of the three crops:late indica rice≈wheat>early indica rice≈maize>japonica rice>middle indica rice;Yield of three crops:late indica rice>middle indica rice>maize≈japonica rice>early indica rice≈wheat;energy consumption values from three crops of fertilizer application:late indica rice>early indica rice≈wheat≈maize>japonica rice>middle indica rice;three crops The carbon emissions from chemical fertilizer application:late indica rice>middle indica rice≈japonica rice>middle indica rice?maize≈wheat,and the carbon emission from rice fertilizer application is 5.23 times that of wheat and maize.