Optimum Design And Simulation Experiment Research Of Gun Drill Structure Based On Genetic Algorithms

Manufacturing technology for small and deep holes of gun drill is widely used in many industries,such as national defense military equipment,aerospace,energy exploitation and instruments.The requirements for gun drill manufacturing technology are becoming higher and higher with the continuous improvement of the diversity and accuracy requirements of deep hole parts.The problems of poor stiffness system,high cutting temperature,difficult chip removal and serious tool wear are caused due to the airtight and narrow manufacturing environment,high cutting temperature,difficult removal of chip and serious tool wear in the closed and narrow processing environment,and the problem of axis deviation is more prominent in the process of manufacturing deep hole parts with uneven wall thickness.Aiming at this practical problem,the structure of gun drill is optimized through theoretical analysis to realize the restraint of axis deviation and improve the manufacturing accuracy,which has important reference value for improving the structure of gun drill and guiding the production practice.The mechanical model of the three-dimensional micro-element of gun drill is established by the micro-element theory.The influence of the tool’s outer angle,inner angle and width of the cutting edge on the drilling force and torque is studied by means of the simulation software MATLAB,and the structural parameters of the tool are preliminarily optimized.A method of optimum design of gun drill structure based on genetic algorithm is proposed.The objective function is cutting force and torque,and outer angle,inner angle and width of the cutting edge of tool are taken as optimization variables.The optimal solution of optimization variables is obtained by genetic algorithm.The three-dimensional models are established according to the tool parameters before and after optimization,and the radial force,torque,cutting heat and tool wear of optimizing front and rear tools are simulated and analyzed by using the cutting simulation software DEFORM-3D.The overall drilling performance of the tool before and after optimization is compared.The results show that the radial force and torque of the optimized gun drill are reduced,and the cutting heat generated by the optimized tool is relatively low and the wear of the tool is obviously reduced.Finally,the oil and gas feed holes of the bearing seat is manufactured on the gun drill deep hole drilling machine to verify the results of theoretical analysis.The deviation between the inlet and outlet of the holes manufactured by the tool before and after optimization is compared and analyzed.The results show that the axis deviation of the oil and gas feed hole manufactured by the optimized gun drill is smaller.