Research On Optimization Design Of Key Parts Of Deep Hole Drilling Machine Based On Structural Bionic Principle

With the rapid development of deep hole processing technology in China,deep hole machine tools have an irreplaceable position in the manufacturing industry,and the dynamic and static performance of the bed and its own quality have an impact on the performance of the whole machine.However,the traditional deep hole machine bed adopts empirical design or modeled on foreign products,which leads to problems such as structural redundancy and excessive quality,which directly affects the processing quality of the hole.Therefore,breaking through the traditional design and exploring reasonable and effective optimization methods is of great significance to the development of deep hole processing technology.Structure bionics is an effective method for utilizing the principle of bionics to extract beneficial structure or characteristics in the structure of natural organisms and apply it to the optimization design of mechanical structures.In this paper,structural bionic optimization is taken as the key technology.The Z8016 small diameter deep hole drilling machine bed is taken as the research object.The layout of the bed ribs based on the shell structure is designed,and the topology optimization and size parameter optimization design are carried out.The research content includes:(1)Parametric modeling and finite element analysis of the original structure of the bed based on UG software.The basic parameters of the Z8016 small diameter deep hole drilling machine and the characteristics of the bed configuration are introduced.The three-dimensional model of the bed is built by UG,and the modal analysis and static analysis are carried out by ANSYS to obtain the displacement cloud map and stress cloud diagram of the bed.The first 5natural frequencies and vibration patterns of the bed were extracted and the results were analyzed.Studies have shown that there is a large redundancy in the uneven distribution ofstress and displacement of the bed,structural strength and stiffness.(2)Layout design and finite element analysis of bed ribs based on structural bionic principle.Using the fuzzy similarity theory to calculate the similarity of the shell and bed structure from the aspects of structure,function,load and constraint,determine the shell shell as a bionic prototype and reasonably extract the good configuration characteristics of the shell,and apply it to the bed ribs.The layout design is used to establish the bionic bed model.Under the same conditions as the original bed,the dynamic and static analysis of the bionic bed is carried out by ANSYS.The research shows that the static and dynamic performance of the new structure is significantly improved,but its weight.There is still some redundancy.(3)Topology optimization design of bed structure based on progressive structure optimization method.On the basis of the bionic bed structure,with the goal of lightweight design,using the progressive structure optimization method(ESO)to optimize the topology of the bed,the distribution of the bed material is obtained,combined with the bionic bed structure.Reconstruct the design to obtain a bionic topology bed structure.Through the finite element analysis,the prototype bed and the bionic bed were analyzed and compared with the results.It was found that the quality was reduced and the optimization effect was achieved.(4)Optimized design of bed size parameters based on APDL language.Based on the APDL language,the zero-order optimization method is used to design the variable size of the bionic topology bed,and the volume is the objective function.The size parameters of the bed are optimized,and the comprehensive optimized bed that can be used for actual production is finally determined.Perform a finite element analysis on it.The research shows that the comprehensive optimized bed has significant improvement in maximum stress,first-order natural frequency and quality,the overall quality is reduced by 12.7%,the first-order natural frequency is increased by 28.8%,and the maximum stress is reduced by 35.466%.Significant optimization results have been achieved in terms of static performance and quality reduction.