Research And Mechanics Analysis Of Conical Pick Structure Imitating Dung Beetle In Concave Shape

The pick is a cutting tool used to cut coal rock in coal production.The working environment in the underground is very complicated,and the picks have a large loss in the process of cutting coal.China's coal production in 2017 was 3.523 billion tons,of which about 10,000 tons of coal would consume about 1,000 picks,nearly 45% of which was caused by pick body wear.The average unit price of the picks is about 100 yuan.In the face of nearly10 billion economic losses every year,it is of great significance to carry out research on the wear resistance of the pick body.Taking the non-smooth wear-resistant structure in bionics theory as the research basis,comparing the wear-resisting mechanism of different structures,and combining the actual working conditions of the picks,the concave wear-resistant structure of the dung beetle surface is selected as the research object.By establishing a mathematical model and combining the actual size parameters,the concave wear-resistant structure is applied to the surface of the pick body to design a new bionic wear-resistant pick.16 sets of test pieces were subjected to wear test by orthogonal test method using a friction and wear tester.The test results show that the wear of the specimen with the pit structure is 24.3%~61.17% of the smooth structure.It is proved that the concave structure can improve the wear resistance.According to the test results,a regular distribution method with a diameter of 1.5 mm,a center distance of 3.5 mm and a depth of 1.3 mm was selected as the dimensional parameter of the concave.Finite element simulation analysis of specimens and bionic picks was carried out by ABAQUS.The results show that the concave structure on the surface of the test piece reduces the average stress of the test piece by about 20%,and the stress can be evenly distributed on the surface of the test piece,and the proportion of stress area is reduced by more than 50%.It is proved that the concave structure can improve the wear resistance.The obtained simulation results are consistent with the test,which proves the feasibility of using simulation to analyze the wear resistance.The thermal coupling analysis between the bionic pick body and the original pick body of the original structure is carried out.The average stress on the surface of bionic pick is reduced by 37.7%,and the heat dissipation performance is improved by nearly20%.It is proved that the bionic pick improves its wear resistance by reducing stress and heat loss.