Ultrasonic Extraction Process Optimization And Antioxidant Activity Research Of Total Flavonoids From Cerasus Humilis (Bge.) Sok

Chinese dwarf cherry(Cerasus humilis(Bge.)Sok),belongs to the genus Rosaceae,is a small deciduous shrub fruit tree,which is a unique plant in China and has wide distribution.The fruit of this plant contains a variety of high-nutrition and medicinal compounds,so it has used in health care and pharmaceuticals in China.Studies have shown that Chinese dwarf cherry is rich in a variety of nutrients and is known as the fruit of the fruit.In recent years,the research has focused on the cultivation of Eucalyptus fruit trees and varieties,and the research on active substances in their fruits is still relatively small.Therefore,based on the research study of active substances,this study used Chinese dwarf cherry fruit as material,used ultrasound-assisted extraction,determine the optimal extraction conditions by response surface methodology of total flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherry,and studied the antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo.The results were follows:1.Ultrasound-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherryThe total flavonoids of Chinese dwarf cherry were extracted by ultrasonic assisted method.The effects of ethanol extraction concentration,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time on the extraction of flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherry.studied by response surface test.The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration70.2.%,solid-liquid ratio 1: 30.9(g/m L),extraction time 39.4 min,under this condition,the extraction amount of Chinese dwarf cherry could reach up to 51.39 mg/g.2.Antioxidant activity of total flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherry in vitroUsing ascorbic acid as a control,the scavenging ability of total flavonoid extracts from Chinese dwarf cherry to DPPH free radicals(DPPH·),hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and superoxide anion radicals(O2-·)were determined.The results showed that the scavenging rate of the above three free radicals increased with the extract concentration.In the range of 0.16-0.96 mg/m L concentration,the removal rate of otal flavonoid extracts to DPPH could reach up to 64.3%,and the removal rate of hydroxyl radicals could reach up to78.05% and the removal rate of superoxide anion free radicals can reach up to 55%,which indicates that the total flavonoids of Chinese dwarf cherry fruit have certain scavengingabilities to free radicals.3.Antioxidant activity of total flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherry in vivoIn this study,the biological zebrafish was used as model animal,study on the protective effect of total flavonoids from Chinese dwarf cherry fruit on oxidative damage of zebrafish liver and gill from cadmium stress.Four treatment groups were set for the experiment: control group,5.8 mg/L cadmium treatment group,60 mg/L flavonoid treatment group,5.8 mg/L cadmium and 60 mg/L flavonoid co-treatment group.Histological observation results showed that in the cadmium treatment group,the liver cells of zebrafish showed vacuolation,nuclear pyknosis,cytoplasm thinning and nuclear aggregation near blood vessels.In the gill tissue of zebrafish,there are some phenomena such as irregular arrangement of gill pieces,damaged epithelial cells,exfoliation and deformed chondrocytes.In the cadmium and flavonoid co-treatment group,liver and gill injuries were significantly healed.The results showed that,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)in the liver of zebrafish were significantly decreased and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly increased in the cadmium treatment group.In the cadmium and flavonoid co-treatment group,the activities of SOD and CAT in zebrafish liver were significantly higher than cadmium treatment group,while MDA content was significantly lower.In the cadmium treatment group the activity of SOD and CAT in the gills of zebrafish were significantly decreased compared with the control group,while the content of MDA was significantly increased.In the cadmium and flavonoid co-treatment group the activity of SOD and CAT in zebrafish gills was significantly increased compared with the cadmium treatment group,and there was no significant difference from that in the control group.MDA content was significantly decreased compared with the cadmium treatment group.The results showed that total flavonoids of Chinese dwarf cherry had a protective effect on liver and gill of zebrafish with oxidative injury induced by cadmium stress.