Synthesis And Application Of Three-dimensionally Ordered Macroporous(3DOM) Material

Three-dimensional ordered macroporous（3DOM）materials are an important component of porous material.Porous materials development so far,the research on microporous and mesoporous materials has been carried out in depth.However,in the face of the increasing variety of applications nowadays,it is inevitable that the microporous and mesoporous materials can’t meet these requirements completely,so macroporous materials are needed to fill this deficiency.3DOM materials have a series of self-characters of uniform pore size which can be adjusted easily,narrow distribution and periodical structure,so 3DOM materials have potential applications in the fields of catalyst and carrier,adsorption separation,sensing and energy storage and release,etc.In this paper,3DOM SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composites with different silica alumina ratios and 3DOM TiO₂ and TiO₂/WO₃ composites are prepared with the colloidal template method.The polystyrene（PS）template is prepared by emulsion polymerization and used in the colloidal template method.The operation of emulsion polymerization method is simple,and the reaction conditions are relatively low.The PS microspheres,prepared by emulsion polymerization method,have an obviously Bragg diffraction phenomenon after assembly.At the macro level,the template shows a gorgeous color on the surface after drying.The microscopic feature is that PS microspheres are arranged according to the structure of the surface centered cubic（FCC）.3DOM SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite is obtained by using metal nitrate and TEOS as precursors.In this experiment,the connection between the precursor and the PS template was enhanced by adding the silane coupling agent KH550 as a"molecular bridge"in the sol.This comparison with 3DOM SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite without KH550 shows that the addition of KH550 makes the resulting materials look better,especially on the surface of the material.At the same time,in order to further study the material,the influence of the change in silicon-aluminum ratio on the material structure was examined.The structure of 3DOM SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite obtained in the experimentally selected Si-Al ratio range is greatly affected by the Si-Al ratio.3DOM SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composites are prepared by colloidal template method with tetra-butyl titanate（TBT）and WCl₆ as precursor.It is cheap to replace the organic metal salt precursor with inorganic metal salt precursor,and the small addition of inorganic metal salt has positive influence on the morphology structure of the material.At the same time,in order to study the performance of composite materials in the catalytic field,the photocatalytic experiments are implemented by Rh B as simulate environmental contaminants and the samples as catalyst.The final result shows that the composite material with a small amount of tungsten oxide has a higher catalytic efficiency than 3DOM TiO₂.