| Objective:Aging erythrocytes are highly susceptible to attack by oxygen free radicals leading to oxidative damage and energy metabolism disorders.Cranberry juice is a kind of bilberry fruit containing polyphenols,anthocyanins and other antioxidant activities.In this study,cranberry juice is used in the intervention experiment to observe the red blood cell senescence and energy metabolism.The influence of oxidative stress level on the mechanism of cranberry juice improving red blood cell senescence,and providing reference for understanding the edible value and application of cranberry fruit.Methods:In this study,a randomized,double-blind,controlled study was conducted to screen subjects in strict accordance with inclusion and discharge criteria.The age ranged from 18 to 65 years old,and a total of 202 subjects were included,including 111 males and 91 females.According to the random number table,the study subjects were divided into high-dose cranberry group(27%concentration,2 bottles/480ml),73 middle-dose groups(1 bottle of 27%cranberry juice+1 bottle of placebo,2 bottles/480ml)Sixty-six patients in the placebo group(2 bottles of placebo,2 bottles/480 ml)underwent a 28-day double-blind intervention.Physical examination before intervention and 28 days of intervention,including height,weight,blood pressure,waist and hip circumference,blood routine,blood biochemical examination,etc;10 ml of fasting venous blood was taken,plasma and red blood cells were separated,and fresh red blood cells were used for density gradient.Separation methods were used to obtain red blood cells of young age,middle age and old age,and the red blood cell senescence rate was calculated therefrom;plasma and remaining red blood cells were frozen in-80℃refrigerator,and the red blood cell energy metabolism and oxidative stress indicators were detected,including plasma.Total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),plasma 8-isoprostane(8-iso-PG),erythrocyte malondialdehyde(MDA),Na~+-K~+-ATPase,superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT),pyruvate kinase(PK)and so on.The effects of cranberry juice on human erythrocyte senescence,energy metabolism and oxidative stress were investigated by one-way analysis of variance,paired t-test and chi-square test.Results:The 202 subjects in this study completed the intervention study according to the requirements.The red blood cell aging rate analysis showed that the red blood cell senescence rate before intervention was 12.83%,which was significantly reduced to11.04%after 28 days of cranberry juice intervention.Among them,the high dose group The aging rate of red blood cells before intervention was 12.90%.After 28 days of intervention,the aging rate of red blood cells was 10.34%,which was decreased by2.56%.The aging rate of red blood cells before intervention was 12.78%,and the decrease was 0.98%(P<0.05).The stratified analysis of different genders showed that the pre-intervention male red blood cell aging rate was 13.39%,which was significantly higher than that of females(11.98%).After 28 days of intervention,the red blood cell aging rate of the high dose group and the middle dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05).The age grouping results showed that the aging rate of red blood cells in the middle-aged group and the old-age group was significantly higher than that in the young group.The aging rate of red blood cells in the young,middle-aged and elderly groups was 11.25%,13.09%,and 13.94%,respectively(P<0.05).Moreover,the effect of cranberry juice on the improvement of erythrocyte aging in the middle-aged and elderly groups was better than that in the young group.The results of antioxidant function analysis showed that after 28 days of cranberry juice intervention,the total plasma antioxidant levels in the high-dose and middle-dose groups increased by 1.29 IU/ml and0.63 IU/ml(P<0.05);the average plasma 8-isoprostane levels in the high-dose,middle-dose,and placebo groups were 33.26 pg/ml,32.89 pg/ml,and 29.23 pg/ml(P<0.05).The red blood cell energy metabolism analysis showed that the Na~+-K~+-ATPase activity in the high-dose and middle-dose groups was increased by 0.31 U/ml and 0.36U/ml after 28 days of intervention with cranberry juice,respectively(P<0.05);The erythrocyte pyruvate kinase(PK)levels in the high-dose,middle-dose,and placebo groups were significantly higher than those before the intervention,which increased by0.03 U/gHb,0.01 U/gHb,and 0.03,respectively.U/gHb(P<0.05).Analysis of changes in oxidative stress levels showed that red blood cell superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and catalase(CAT)were significantly increased in high-dose and medium-dose groups,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significant.The T-SOD increased by 6.92 U/gHb and 7.2 U/gHb in the high-dose and middle-dose groups,respectively;the CAT increased by 1.35 U/mgprot and 1.14 U/mgprot(P<0.05),respectively;7.39nmol/mg and 6.22nmol/mg,but there was no statistical difference between the three groups of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)before and after intervention(P>0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the red blood cell aging rate was positively correlated with 8-isoprostane(r=0.223,P=0.000).The red blood cell senescence rate in young group was positively correlated with T-SOD(r=0.289,P=0.039),middle age.The erythrocyte senescence rate was negatively correlated with T-SOD(r=-0.176,P=0.036).Conclusion:Cranberry juice can effectively reduce the aging rate of red blood cells and improve the body’s antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism;it may be related to the comprehensive action of various bioactive substances,but its dose-response relationship and its possible mechanism of action Further research is needed. |
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