Eastablishment Of Ecological Compensation Standard Of Coastal Wetlands Based On Dynamic Change Of Landscape Patterns

The Liaohe River Delta wetland is located in Liaodong bay,and the wetland area ranks first among them.Due to the lack of people's understanding of the importance of maintaining wetland ecosystem,with the continuous increase of people's efforts in wetland development and utilization,the fragmentation of the protected wetland became more and more serious,showing a trend of degradation.Due to the use of Liaoning province for wetlands not wetland protection into consideration,also effective wetland ecological compensation system has not been established,the consequences are reserve wetland ecological benefit is not to get the economic benefits of same,this is the region's beneficiaries and impaired,developers and protector is easy to cause conflict too.Based on this contradiction,Liaoning province should establish a long-term mechanism in line with local conditions to provide strong guarantee for the ecological restoration and sustainable development of wetlands.This paper mainly discusses the Liaohe River Delta wetland as subject,establishing wetland classification system,combining the knowledge of the geography and ecology,USES the wetland landscape dynamic change,evaluation of ecological environment,ecological service function value assessment and ecological service function value-monetary value assessment methods such as comparison,combining to reserve wetland ecological compensation mechanism is discussed,and the resulting wetland ecological compensation standard,not only to the reserve is of important guiding significance for wetland ecological compensation mechanism,more similar wetlands provide effective information of subject research.According to the research results of this paper,by studying the change trend of land area of various types of wetlands from 1988 to 2009,as the residential land area in the protection area increased dramatically,the natural wetland area was occupied by the population migration for reclamation,and the dry land area also increased slightly.The population growth of the reserve has changed the proportion of the original natural and artificial wetland,which has caused a bad impact on the ecological environment of the wetland,but also made the living space of the native creatures more and more narrow.In addition,the sharp shrinking of the beach area and the continuous decrease of the river area are the direct causes of the degradation of water pollution function and the decline of biological population in the protection area.The study on the dynamic change of wetland pattern shows that the disturbance pressure caused by human activities has an increasing impact on the ecological environment of the wetland in Liaohe River Delta,resulting in the reduction of the ecological benefits of the wetland and the serious fragmentation of the wetland.Then,the monetary value was calculated by using two methods of ecological function evaluation:ecological service function and energy flow.Ecological service function value is 81.09×10~8yuan,can value-monetary value of 1587.27×10~8yuan,where there is a huge numerical difference in carbon fixation,soil conservation,biodiversity value evaluation,and wetland ecosystem habitat functions can pass can get fully embody the value analysis theory,the energy flow belongs to a more abstract concept,for most people is a less familiar ecological value evaluation theory,can according to its set value-monetary value is far beyond the current for wetland ecological compensation payment amount estimates of the province,The ecological value evaluation system based on ecological functions is more in line with the needs of this province.Based on the wetland reserve the present situation of land use types of thematic map,based on the ecological function value of the loss of data,get the wetland reserve compensation standard 63300yuan/hm2,with the domestic and global standards set by the numerical difference,according to the compensation standard data than learn that Liaohe River Delta wetland ecological function value per unit area compared with the national and world value per unit area,at the same level basically.At the same time,the compensation standard of the loss through the market value is 6,536 yuan/hm~2.By comparison,since the compensation standard based on market value is easier to calculate and more convenient to implement,it is more in line with the existing economic payment capacity for Liaoning province,so the compensation standard based on market value loss value is adopted.