Study On Aerobic Fermentation Technology And Key Equipment Of Organic Waste

China’s planting industry and breeding industry have developed rapidly in recent years.On one hand,it has ensured the food and milk supply;on the other hand,organic waste such as straw and manure bring a lot of environmental problems,which has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in China.So it is of great practical significance to study the utilization of organic waste resources and make full use of it.At present,the methods to deal with organic waste,such as straw and manure,are combustion method,forage method and composting process.The first two methods to dispose the organic waste still need post-processes,in order to meet the requirements of harmlessness,which,to a certain extent,lead to waste of resources;this paper studies the aerobic fermentation process and key equipment of organic waste,the main contents and results are as follows:(1)Through the research on the factors affecting aerobic fermentation of organic waste,an aerobic fermentation process with high fermentation efficiency,two fermentation processes was designed,it also can deal with the sewage produced by farms,furthermore the equipment matching the process was researched and developed;(2)An aerator and its supporting equipment(rail change machine and spray machine)have been designed for the first aerobic fermentation process.The stirring resistance and the hydraulic lifting system of the aerator are calculated.The driving power of the rail change machine is calculated,and the strength of the spindle is checked.The driving system of the spray machine is designed and the elastic wheel component of the spray machine is theoretical calculated.According to the calculation results,the three-dimensional design of the aerator,the rail change machine and the spray machine is completed;(3)The vertical fermenting machine needed for the second aerobic fermentation process was developed.The cylinder of the vertical fermentation machine and the thickness of the insulation layer is calculated;the mixing system and ventilation structure are designed;the mixing system resistance moment is calculated,the transmission system design of the vertical fermentation machine is completed;The air volume required for the vertical fermenting machine is calculated to provide the data for the type selection of the fan.The feeding system and the unloading system are designed;(4)The fermentation process was improved for large farms,and the feeding equipment was theoretically studied.After the production of all the machines,then the installation and debugging and trial operation of the machines are conducted,at last the composting test is carried out by using the fermentation process.The results showed that the average percentage of moisture of the finished products was 27.31%,which accorded with the relevant national standards.The germination rate experiment showed that the germination rate of the experimental group was 84%,and the average germination rate of the experimental group was 95.5% of the control group,which indicate that the composting products were harmless to the seeds.