Research On The Processing Techniques Of Two Types Of Health-care Functional Fu Teas Added With Eucommia Ulmoides And Mulberry Leaves Respectively

Traditional Fu Tea（FT）,Eucommia Tea（ET）and Mulberry Tea（MT）all have health benefits on the human body,which has been verified by both domestic and international scholars through experiments and component analysis.In recent years,many scholars have tried to combine medicinal plants such as honeysuckle,forsythia,and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv with tea to achieve the aim of“one cup of tea with multiple health benefits”.In this experiment,dried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv leaves and mulberry leaves were respectively mixed in a certain ratio with raw dark tea to produce Eucommia Fu Tea（EFT）and Mulberry Fu Tea（MFT）.According to the normal processing techniques of the Fu Brick Tea,this research studied how the environmental temperature and humidity affected the Eurotium cristatum growth and sensory quality of the above two types of Health-care Fu Tea（HFT）,in hope of discovering the optimal processing technical parameters of EFT and MFT.In the following text,Eurotium cristatum growth is normally called“flowering”because Eurotium cristatum is also known as Golden Flower fungus due to its color and appearance.The results are shown below.Ⅰ.In the research,how different environmental temperature and humidity impacted the EFT and MFT during their flowering period were studied.It was found that under the same condition of raw materials,brick pressing stress and brick thickness,the EFT showed ideal flowering at the temperature of 24℃and 26℃with humidity of 70%.The number of Eurotium cristatum reached to 20×10⁷ per cm^-2,which was far beyond the national standard of 20×10⁴ per cm^-2.The brick surface was flat in blooming black colour with no heart-burnt or mildewing.For the MFT,the best flowering temperature were 26℃and 28℃with the humidity of 75%,and the brick surface was flat with no heart-burnt or mildewing.The result indicated that the most appropriate flowering environment for EFT and MFT were25±1℃/70%RH and 27±1℃/75%RH respectively.Ⅱ.Through analysis on the ingredients of raw materials in different blending rations and the finished EFT（with dried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv leaves and pure raw dark tea in proportion of 0:100,5:95,10:90,15:85,20:80,25:75）and MFT（with dried mulberry leaves and pure raw dark tea in proportion of 0:100,50:50,60:40,70:30,80:20,90:10）,it was found that water extracts of the finished EFT and MFT were both more than that of the mixed raw materials,while the content of tea polyphenols,caffeine,amino acids and soluble sugars showed a decreasing trend.Ⅲ.Through sensory evaluation of the above EFT and MFT,it was found that formula D-3 with dried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv leaves and pure raw dark tea in proportion of 15:85and formula S-4 with dried mulberry leaves and pure raw dark tea in proportion of 60:40were mostideal.Ⅳ.Processing parameters of the EFT were confirmed as follows.Firstly get the raw dark tea by mixing the dried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv leaves and pure raw dark tea following formula D-3 with 10%tea stems,steam the mixture for 15 min and pile-ferment it for 16 h to get the raw dark tea base.Secondly divide the tea base into smaller portions with certain weight,re-steam them for 20 s,compress and mould them into expected bricks or other forms.Thirdly put the bricks into the Flowering Room,where the environmental condition is set as25℃/70%RH in the first 12 days to promote the multiplication of Eurotium cristatum.Dehumidification of the tea bricks after flowering is necessary as the end processing step.The temperature for dehumidification shall be raised by 2℃to 3℃every day for about one week until the temperature reaches 45℃.The standard water content of the tea bricks after dehumidification shall be less or equal to 14%.Ⅴ.Processing parameters of the MFT were confirmed as follows.Firstly get the raw dark tea by mixing the dried Mulberry leaves and pure raw dark tea following formula D-4 with8%tea stems,steam the mixture for 15 min and pile-ferment it for 16 h to get the raw dark tea base.Secondly divide the tea base into smaller portions with certain weight,re-steam them for 25 s,and compress and mould them into expected bricks or other forms.Thirdly put the bricks into the Flowering Room,where the environmental condition is set as 27℃/75%RH in the first 12 days to promote the multiplication of Eurotium cristatum.Dehumidification of the tea bricks after flowering is necessary as the end processing step.The temperature for dehumidification shall be raised by 2℃to 3℃every day for about one week until the temperature reaches 45℃.The standard water content of the tea bricks after dehumidification shall be less or equal to 14%.