| With the rapid development of large-scale sheep breeding in China,a large number of sheep dung has brought great pressure to the environment,and the pollution and utilization of sheep feces has become an urgent problem to be solved.Sheep manure contains high organic matter and N,P,K elements,and good granulation,which is the best raw material for making organic fertilizer.The transformation of sheep manure into organic fertilizer through composting is one of the effective ways for its innocuity and resource utilization,and it is also the best way to deal with it in accordance with the current national conditions of our country.In order to solve the problems of long fermentation cycle,incomplete fermentation,strong odor,lack of fermentative bacteria and low nutrient content of sheep manure compost,the screening of fermentative agents was carried out and the preparation of fermentative agents was strengthened.And the preparation,the auxiliary material proportion,the fermentation process and the parameters thereof are researched.The main results are as follows:157 strains of bacteria,44 strains of fungi and 34 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from sheep,cattle,horse dung,bacterial residue and three widely used commercial agents（RW,BDM and golden baby）.Through the Congo red transparent circle test,filter strip degradation test and cellulase activity test,a strain（M2）with the strongest cellulose degradation ability from horse dung was screened,and the enzyme activity reached 126 ±0.79 U / L ·L -1·L -1,and the enzyme activity was 126 ±0.79 U ·L -1.Identified by microbiology and 16 s rDNA sequence,M2 belongs to（Sphingomonas sp.）.（Sphingomonas paucimobilis）.（2）the composting experiment was carried out by adding RW,BDM and Jinbao,and RW was selected as the basic agent for the composting process of sheep manure.In order to solve the problem of more cellulose impurities in the compost products of basic bacteria,M2 strainand RW were strengthened to prepare the compound agents.The results showed that the compost products of the composite agents were more uniform and the cellulose impurities were greatly reduced.And the composting temperature rises faster（from three days to 48 ℃to three days to 55 ℃）,the temperature is higher（the highest temperature rises from 55 ℃to 62 ℃）,and the high temperature lasts longer（from 7 days above 55 ℃ to 10 days）.The total nutrients of finished products were also 3 percentage points higher.（3）taking sheep feces collected from local sheep farms along the river as raw materials,composting excipients,particle size of excipients,initial C ≤ N,stacking frequency and initial pH value of materials as variable factors,composting experiments were carried out.The small-scale trial process is determined as follows: the total weight of the stack is 200kg;The bacterial residue was selected as the main auxiliary material,the particle size and pH value of the raw auxiliary material were not adjusted,the addition amount of the raw auxiliary material was sheep dung: bacterial residue: cigarette dust = 6 ≤ 3 ≤ 1,the fortified bacteria agent was added as fermentation agent,and the stacking frequency was 3d/ times（3times）.The temperature can reach more than 50 ℃ on the 3rd day,and the continuous high temperature（55 ℃-60 ℃）is 7 ℃ for 9 days after the third pile overturning.About 5 days began to cool down into the middle and low temperature maturity stage,in the 25 th day or so,the temperature no longer changed,the fermentation cycle was 25 days,the finished product was brown,no odor,there was soil fragrance,but there were still a large number of large particles of sheep dung in the interior.Through the temperature change of pilot-scale compost fermentation process and the detection of finished product,the improved process parameters of batch composting were obtained: on the basis of the original process,the fortified agent was crushed and added again on the 16 th day of composting.The temperature can reach more than 50 ℃ on the second day,the continuous high temperature（55 ℃-60 ℃）is 7 days after the third pile overturning,and the compost enters the high temperature of about three days after comminuted.Fermentation（55℃-60℃）,then starts to cool down and enter the stage of medium and low temperature humidification.The temperature does not change on the 25 th day.The fermentation period is 25 d.The finished product is brown,no odor,there is soil aromatic,no large particles,and the total fermentation period is 25 d.Seed germination rate of finished products is 82%,organic matter content is 59.49%,death rate of ascaris eggs reaches100%,total nutrient content is 6.07%,pH value is 6.9.The content of fecal E.coli and heavy metal are in conformity with the provisions of organic fertilizer standard NY5252012.（4）batch composting process was used to produce 30 tons in batches.The finished product was brown,odorless,fragrant soil,no large particles,uniform,and the total fermentation cycle was 25 days.The results of related indexes were as follows: the germination rate of seeds was 90%,which was higher than that of pilot production（82%）.The content of organic matter was 59.5%,the mortality of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs was 100%,the total nutrient content was 5.73%,and the pH value was 7.3,which was in accordance with the standard NY525-2012 of organic fertilizer.The cellulose degradation ability was enhanced by preparing fortified bacteria,and the problem of substandard total nutrients was solved by adding cigarette dust.the secondary fermentation process effectively shortened the fermentation cycle（15 × 20 days）and improved the product quality.Compared with other animal manure organic fertilizers,this product has the following advantages: it fully integrates the local agricultural waste resources,the raw materials are convenient to obtain materials,the production cycle is short,the production cost is low,the odour is not produced,and the finished products are all free of cellulose impurity residues.The high total nutrient content provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the research and development of special fungicides for sheep manure composting and the industrialization of sheep manure composting. |
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