Study On The Emergency Evacuation Modeling And Application In Multi-room Multi-exit Scenario

The contimuous progress of society and urbanization has led to an increase in the indoor space area and the number of pedestrians.There are many cases of injuries or even deaths caused by untimely evacuation after various emergency events.Emergency evacuation is highly related to personnel safety.In this paper,evacuation simulation method is used as the main method to carry out evacuation research.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of multi-room and multi-exit in real environment,a simulation model is constructed and the simulation program is developed.Based on the simulation program,the analysis of the pedestrian simulation data and the method to optimize the emergency exit assginment is carried out.This paper is mainly divided into the following parts:(1)On the basis of analyzing the environmental structural characteristics of the scene,the environmental model is constructed.And the personnel model is built on the basis of the agent theory.The whole evacuation model consists of two parts including the environmental model and the personnel model through hierarchical organization,and considers the interaction and pedestrian characteristics under the multi-room characteristics of the evacuation scene.Apart from the evacuation simulation framework is designed,and the pedestrian initialization method in a multi-room and multi-exit scene and a routing optimization method based on the scene environment are designed.(2)The evacuation simulation program is completed based on the evacuation model,and the simulation visualization program is constructed based on the evacuation model.And through the simulation in three-dimensional visualization and the location data collected in simulation,the basic reliability of the model is verified both qualitively and quantitatively.At the same time,the advantages of this model are analyzed and tested from two angles of path calculation and simulation fluency.Besides,the pedestrian location data and temporal data collected in the simulation is used to analyze the distribution characteristics of pedestrians during the evacuation process using the spatial and temporal kernel density analysis method combined with the three-dimensional visualization method.Experiments have tested the effect of the simulation model in this paper and verified the advantages of this model in simulation operation.The results obtained by analysis methods can provide reliable suggestions for emergency evacuation prevention and management.(3)Aiming at the problem of unbalanced utilization of exit allocation in multi-exit scenarios,a two-party game is set up by using Stackell Burke game model,and an exit allocation optimization method is designed by combining two allocation decisions of pedestrian optimization and system optimization.Based on the simulation program,this method is verified,and the related results show that the method is effective.Through this method,managers can guide and intervene in the selection of pedestrian evacuation exits in advance,and will eventually improve the evacuation efficiency and help the evacuation process more effective.