Study On The Difference Of Construction Hazard Cognitive Load

Construction worker’s cognition of hazards in the environment is the prerequisite to decide whether hazards can be avoided and disposed.Then they can guarantee the construction safety operation accurately.In recent years,although more and more research on construction hazard cognition,the accident rate of construction accidents is still not be well controlled.Relevant research shows that construction workers take the special features such as low education level,strong group closure,high mobility of personnel and aging trend.Construction environment is complex,changeable and uncontrollable.Therefore,the inevitable cognitive load of construction workers in the process of hazard cognition.Optimizing the cognitive load level in the process of risk cognition is the key to improve the accuracy of risk cognition and reduce safety accidents.To this end,this study explores and analyzes related issues from the perspective of difference analysis,starting from the hazard cognition of the operators and based on the cognitive load theory in cognitive psychology.First of all,summarizing construction workers risk cognitive model by reading a large number of literature and combined with the construction workers’ own specificity.On this basis,constructing cognitive load structure model of the different hazard cognitive stages of construction workers,combining with the theory of cognitive load.Secondly,according to the characteristics of the dangerous cognitive stage and the influence factors of cognitive load,the experimental methods and experimental materials for the measurement of cognitive load were selected in a targeted manner.Finally,analyzing difference of cognitive load in different cognitive stages based on experimental data,and proposing the method of optimizing cognitive load level,discussing strategy of optimizing the safety of construction operation.The research process and results are as follows:(1)Through the combing of the risk cognitive model,dangerous cognition is divided into risk detection stage and risk analysis and disposal decision-making stage.Experiment is designed as the basis.based on which analyze data results and differences,and propose a cognitive load level optimization method.(2)In the hazard detection stage,based on the factors that can influence the dangerous cognitive load in the construction environment,the experimental materials are selected,the cognitive load level is measured by the method of eye movement experiment,and the difference is analyzed.The study shows that the significance of hazard target,the intensity of scene lighting and the degree of scene clutter all affect the cognitive load level in the hazard detection phase.The lower the target significance,the weaker the light intensity,the higher the chaotic degree of the scene,the higher the cognitive load level in the process of construction personnel detection,the efficiency and effect of hazard detection are reduced accordingly.The complexity of the construction scene has the most significant effect on the cognitive load in the process of hazard detection,and improving the degree of environmental cleanliness has obvious positive effect on improving the efficiency of hazard detection.(3)Aiming at the stage of risk analysis and disposal decision-making,there design a virtual experiment platform capable of simulating the process of risk analysis and disposal decision-making.From the perspective of task characteristics,a combination of subjective scale and task performance is used to measure the level of cognitive load and analyze the difference through the data results.Research shows that the number of tasks and time pressure in the risk analysis and disposal decision-making stage which affect the cognitive load level of the construction workers.The greater the number of tasks and the greater the time pressure,the higher the level of dangerous cognitive load.At the same time,time pressure can promote task performance results when only a single task exists.In this case,appropriately increasing time pressure can improve the accuracy of risk analysis and disposal decision results.(4)From the point of view of optimizing the operator’s cognitive load level and further optimizing the construction safety operating environment,it may be considered to increase the significance of the dangerous targets,such as color,size,placement and other safety cues.It is essential to reasonably control the construction light range and intensity to make up for the defects of human vision.In addition,the construction work partitions and construction material partitions are neatly arranged,which can simplify the scene as well as reduce the cognitive load level of the construction personnel during the risk detection process.From the perspective of construction tasks,measures such as appropriate control of the construction schedule,setting of staged task completion,sub-group comparison of task completion,setting of short-term task nodes,and more detailed professional task division can be considered to minimize risk analysis and disposal Cognitive load level in the decision-making process.