| As four famous ceramics in China,Yixing Zisha Pottery in Jiangsu,Jianshui Purple Pottery in Yunnan,Qinzhou Nixing Pottery in Guangxi and Chongqing Rongchang Pottery are not only important components of Chinese pottery culture,but also the essence of Chinese pottery culture.In order to understand the differences in the composition and structural characteristics and microstructure of the four famous pottery mineral raw materials and pottery,more effective use of limited pottery resources.This paper uses a variety of modern testing and analysis techniques（XRD,XRF,SEM,thin slice analysis,thermal analysis,etc.）to comparatively study the differences in chemical composition,mineral composition and microstructure of the four famous ceramic raw materials and briefly analyzes the reason and mechanism of the difference in structure of pottery.Through the analysis of experimental and test data,the following research results have been achieved:（1）The chemical composition of Yixing Zisha raw ore and pottery is mainly composed of Si O2,Al2O3,Fe2O3 and K2O.The content of Fe2O3 is relatively high,and the sum of the four exceeds 95%.The original ore mainly contains quartz,kaolinite,illite and hematite and the main mineral composition of the pottery is quartz,mullite and hematite.Scanning electron microscopy of raw ore shows that the quartz particles are wrapped by clay minerals and piled up with each other,and the gaps between the particles are filled with clay minerals.Under stereoscopic vision,the surface of purple clay pottery often appears to be bubbling and granular with color,and the pottery fracture contains yellow or black particles.Scanning electron microscope photographs showed that the surface of the pottery was smooth,with few pores,and it was mainly composed of scale structure and glass phase.The ceramic matrix is mainly composed of quartz particles wrapped in glass phase,glass phase and pores in glass phase.（2）The chemical composition of Jianshui purple raw ore and pottery is mainly composed of Si O2,Al2O3,Fe2O3 and K2O,whose sum exceeds 95%.The main mineral composition of raw ore is quartz,kaolinite,illite and hematite,and the main mineral composition of pottery is quartz,mullite and hematite.The original ore was identified as a silty and argillaceous structure by rock thin sections.Scanning electron microscope photographs of the original ore showed that the whole original ore was in the shape of dust,and the quartz particles were evenly distributed（5μm～50μm）.The clay minerals are irregular,mainly distributed between the surface and quartz particles.Under stereoscopic vision,the surface of Jianshui pottery is relatively smooth,with a sense of glaze,and small black particles can be observed.Fracture density.Scanning electron microscope photographs showed that the surface of Jianshui pottery was smooth,mainly composed of scale structure and glass phase.The ceramic matrix is mainly composed of quartz particles wrapped in glass phase,glass phase and pores in glass phase.（3）The chemical composition of Qinzhou Nixing pottery raw ore and pottery is mainly Si O2,Al2O3,Fe2O3 and K2O.The main mineral composition of Qinzhou east mud ore is quartz,illite and kaolinite.The main mineral composition of west mud crude ore is quartz,illite,kaolinite,hematite and calcite.The main phase of pottery consists of quartz,hematite and mullite,some of which contain calcite.The original ore was identified as silty and argillaceous by rock thin sections.Scanning electron microscope of the original ore showed that the surface of quartz particles was wrapped by irregular clay minerals,and the surface clay minerals were relatively dense.The clay minerals around the quartz particles are loose and irregular.Under stereoscopic view,the surface of Nixing pottery is smooth with a small amount of bubbling.The fracture is dense with black and yellow particles.Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the pottery was smooth and porous.The matrix is mainly composed of quartz particles wrapped in glass phase,glass phase and pores in glass phase.（4）The chemical composition of Rongchang raw ore and pottery in Chongqing is mainly composed of Si O2,Al2O3,Fe2O3 and K2O,and the sum of the four is more than95%.The mineral composition of raw ore mainly consists of quartz,illite,kaolinite and hematite.The main phase composition of pottery is quartz,mullite,quartzite and hematite.The original ore was identified as a silty structure by rock thin sections,and the scanning electron microscope of the original ore showed that the surface of quartz particles was tightly covered by irregular clay minerals,which were irregular.Under stereoscope,the surface of Rongchang pottery is smooth.The fracture is dense with black and yellow particles.Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of Rongchang pottery was dense and smooth,mainly in the shape of scales.The ceramic matrix is mainly composed of quartz particles,glass phase and pores in the glass phase. |
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