Study On The Influence Of Building Decoration On The Characteristics And Layout Of Closed Sprinkler Head In Automatic Sprinkler System

Automatic sprinkler system is widely used in various buildings to protect human property and life safety.As one of the most important components in the automatic sprinkler system,sprinklers play a key role in control fire development and extinguish in the entire system.In fire,Any sprinkler that does not respond,responds late,does not sprinkle,sprinkles late,insufficient spray strength,etc.,may cause the entire system to fail to extinguish the fire.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the response characteristics of closed sprinklers,water distribution characteristics and the influence of sprinkler layout.This article focuses on the problems faced by the closed sprinklers in the actual operation of the automatic sprinkler system and the renovation of the interior of the building.Firstly,the effect of surface coating on response characteristics of sprinkler head was studied by using response time and response temperature of sprinkler head.The test results show that the response characteristics of 68℃glass bulb sprinkler head and72℃fusible element sprinkler head are significantly affected when the surface is completely covered by finishing coating.Compared with the non-coated sprinkler head,the average response temperature increases by 12.7%and 18%,respectively,and the sprinkler head cannot respond normally.Kitchen lampblack dirt with different coating loads has little influence on response time and response temperature of the nozzle when covering the 79℃glass bulb sprinkler head and wall emulsion paint when covering the68℃concealed sprinkler head.However,when covering kitchen lampblack dirt,the glass bulb of the heat sensitive component of the sprinkler head cannot be broken evenly and cannot fall off completely.Then,through the spray intensity distribution of the nozzle in the direction of the water distribution radius,the influence of the installation of the ceiling on the water distribution characteristics of the nozzle is studied.The test results show that the installation of a permeable ceiling with a height of 30mm and 45mm makes the water spray strength less than the water spray strength without the influence of the ceiling after the water distribution radius of 1.4m and 1.2m respectively;under the same installation height,install The 45mm permeable ceiling has worse uniformity of spray strength along the water distribution radius;as the distance between the permeable ceiling and the upper surface of the nozzle splash plate increases,the height of the ceiling itself weakens the impact of the nozzle spray strength.Install a hermetic ceiling.When the sprinkler splash plate is flush with the ceiling,the water spray intensity will begin to decrease after a water distribution radius of 1.2m and are less than the sprinkler intensity without the influence of the ceiling;when the sprinkler splash plate and the ceiling are retracted by 1.5 The water spray intensity has a greater impact at cm,and the spray water intensity is only0.3L/(min·m~2)when the water distribution radius is 2m.Finally,the influence of the renovation of the interior decoration of the building on the sprinkler system and sprinkler layout is analyzed.A large number of combustible and combustible decorations will be used in the process of building interior decoration and renovation,and the use of building functions and internal space structure will be changed,which will lead to the initial design of fire hazard level,nozzle selection,nozzle layout and number of alarm valves that do not meet the requirements.It is recommended that at the initial stage of designing the automatic sprinkler system,a certain amount of surplus should be reserved for the interior decoration and transformation of the building when determining the number of sprinklers and the number of alarm valves.The automatic sprinkler system after renovation should be re-evaluated and reviewed and suitable sprinklers should be replaced according to the type of site after renovation.This paper determines the influence of different factors on the characteristics of closed sprinklers and the arrangement of sprinklers,which provides a theoretical basis for comprehensively improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of automatic sprinkler systems.At the same time,it provides reference opinions for the interior decoration design of the later building,and reduces the impact of the later decoration on the automatic sprinkler system.