System Realization Of Carbon Emission Trading In China

Under the background of global warming,people pay more and more attention to "carbon emission" which is the leading cause of climate change.In addition,energy crisis of the world is becoming more and more serious,China is also facing the pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction,and as a major carbon emitter in the world,China should also bear its own international responsibility.Climate change can be externalized as an environmental problem,but it should also be attributed to an economic problem in essence.Excessive pursuit of economic benefits and unlimited carbon emissions,ignoring the maximum capacity of the environment for carbon,will lead to economic development can't be coordinated with environmental protection.The carbon emission trading based on Coase's theory provides an effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and effectively protect the environment and achieve the economic benefits of the goal.Its scope of application in the world is gradually expanding,becoming the most effective means to control carbon pollution under the market economy system.As a large carbon emission country,China urgently needs to alleviate the pressure of emission reduction,improve the ecological environment and promote the long-term economic development through an effective market-oriented operation mechanism.In the process of carbon emission trading pilot,due to the lack of a unified carbon emission trading system,each pilot province and city has developed a local carbon emission trading system and built a local market from the local actual situation.Although it shows local characteristics,it also has great differences,which also challenges the experience of building a unified carbon emission trading market in China.At present,the local carbon trading market system has seriously restricted the development and growth of carbon emission trading in China.The lack of a unified carbon market has become the biggest obstacle to the development of carbon emission trading in China.Based on the domestic carbon emission trading pilot,this paper collects real data,analyzes many problems in the pilot process,and tries to put forward a unified path to improve the carbon emission trading system,promote the transition from local market to the unified market,in order to achieve the system of carbon emission trading in China.The article consists of four parts:The first chapter of this paper mainly analyzes the current practice of carbon emission trading system in China.Firstly,it explores the theoretical origins of the system and its development and changes in China.Secondly,it makes a comparative analysis of the market rules of the pilot provinces and cities.Thirdly,it describes the achievements and development trend of carbon emission trading in China.The second chapter of this paper analyzes the bottleneck of carbon emission trading system in China,based on the actual situation of the pilot to summarize and analyze,and find out many problems of carbon emission trading in China directly.The first is the problem of legal loopholes,which is mainly manifested in the lack of a perfect legal system of carbon emission trading and the low level of relevant legislation,which makes it difficult for carbon emission trading system to obtain effective legal protection and behavior compliance.Secondly,there are defects in the market rules.On the one hand,the market mechanism is not sufficient.On the other hand,the differences in the local market hinder the establishment of the national unified carbon emission trading market.The third is the problem of regulatory mechanism,which is mainly reflected in the lack of unified regulatory standards and specialized regulatory agencies.In practice,it is very easy to cause the local protection difficult to form a reasonable trading order.Finally,from the perspective of supporting management system,it is also incomplete.At present,there is no unified quota standard and effective price mechanism in China,which hinders the operation and system realization of carbon emission trading.The third chapter of this paper explores the successful experience of international carbon emissions trading,based on the national conditions of our country,reasonable system reference.It is divided into two parts to introduce the overview of carbon emission trading system in India,the United States and the European Union,as well as the most significant reference for China in the successful experience of various countries.The fourth chapter of this paper focuses on the existing institutional problems of carbon emission trading in China as described in the second chapter,and draws on the successful experience of other countries as described in the third chapter to promote the establishment of a unified carbon emission trading market based on the actual situation,so as to help the realization of carbon emission trading system in China.First,standardize the legal system structure through national legislation,improve special legislation,improve the level of legislation,and call for the promulgation of the carbon emission trading law;second,design a unified market system to promote the efficient development of low-carbon economy,clarify the functional boundary between the government and the market,realize the transition from the local market to the unified market,and help build a national unified carbon emission trading market;third Design a reasonable regulatory mechanism and specialized regulatory departments,and ensure the orderly operation of the market and the responsibility of violating laws and regulations through strict punishment measures;fourth,further match the institutional environment of carbon emission trading,and more comprehensive guarantee the smooth operation.