Breeding Selection And Cross Utilization Of Runzhou Crested White Duck

Runzhou Crested White Duck,as the only crested duck genetic resource group in China at present,officially entered the catalogue of Chinese livestock and poultry genetic resources in April.2019,and became a new livestock and poultry genetic resource.Runzhou Crested White Duck,as a unique local breed in Jiangsu Province,gets its name because its main producing area is Zhenjiang,and compared with other duck breeds,its back feathers have a cluster of protrusions,which is very close to "Crested White Duck" in ancient books.Since the establishment of Crested White Duck Seed conservation field in Runzhou in 2013,its breeding work has been continuously promoted.Based on the breeding group of Runzhou Crested White Duck,this experiment reveals the breeding progress of Runzhou Crested White Duck in recent years by comparing the body size,weight,reproductive performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and egg quality of G1 generation and G,generation.At the same time,in order to explore the meat and egg performance of Runzhou Crested White Duck,this experiment used Runzhou Crested White Duck as female parent to carry out economic hybridization in the direction of meat and egg;By measuring the weight,reproductive performance,egg quality,slaughter performance,meat quality and other indicators of their hybrid offspring,the hybrid effect was analyzed,which provided reference for the subsequent development and utilization.The research results are as follows:1.On the basis of keeping the body shape and appearance unchanged,especially on the premise that the features of crested,black-billed and white-feather are not lost,the breeding of Runzhou crested white duck is carried out by means of breeding this variety.The results showed that the early weight growth rate of G,generation was faster than that of G1 generation(P<0.05).The 300-day-old female ducks in G,generation are significantly shorter than those in G1 generation(P<0.01),and their shin length is significantly smaller than that in G1 generation(P<0.05).In addition,in terms of keel length,half diving length and breast width,the male ducks in G,generation are significantly larger than those in G1 generation(P<0.01).The 500-day-old egg number increased from 211 in G1 generation to 229 in G5 generation,the age of first birth shortened from 125 days in G1 generation to 118 days in G5 generation,the fertilization rate increased from 70.44%in G1 generation to 75.19%in G5 generation,and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs increased from 71.45%in G1 generation to 77.40%in G5 generation.In terms of egg quality,the egg weight,eggshell strength,yolk weight and yolk color index of G5 generation were significantly higher than those of G1 generation(P<0.01).In terms of slaughter performance,the chest muscle weight and chest muscle rate of G5 generation were 122.05g and 14.34%respectively,which was significantly higher than that of G1 generation(P<0.05).In terms of meat quality,the pH value of chest muscle was significantly lower than that of leg muscle(P<0.01),and the shear force and water loss rate of chest muscle were significantly higher than that of leg muscle(P<0.01).Among the above indexes,the performance of G5 generation is better than that of G1 generation,and the breeding work is fruitful2.After crossing Runzhou Crested White Duck with Cherry Valley Duck,the meat production performance of their offspring was significantly improved.In order to develop the meat reproduction performance of Runzhou Crested White Duck,a cross scheme with Cherry Valley Duck as male parent and Runzhou Crested White Duck as female parent was selected The results of hybridization showed that the body weight of Yingfeng duck group at 10 weeks was 2472.39g,and the body weight at each week was significantly higher than that of Runzhou Crested white duck(P<0.01),and the early growth rate was greatly improved.The results of slaughter performance showed that the live weight,slaughter weight,clean bore weight,chest muscle weight and leg muscle weight of Yingfeng duck group before slaughter were 2310.34g,2044.18g,1715.65g,242.67g and 201.34g,which were significantly higher than those of Runzhou Crested White Duck(P<0.01).This hybrid scheme provides reference for the subsequent development of meat value of Runzhou Crested White Duck3.After crossing Runzhou Crested White Duck with Jinding Duck,its offspring's egg-laying performance was significantly improved.In order to develop the egg performance of Runzhou Crested White Duck,a cross scheme with Jinding Duck as male parent and Runzhou Crested White Duck as female parent was selected.The results of hybridization showed that 5%of female ducks in Jinfeng duck group were 114 days old,which was 4 days shorter than that of Runzhou Crested white ducks.The fertilization rate of Jinfeng duck group was 89.11%,the hatching rate of fertilized eggs was 86.97%,and the green shell rate reached 92.41%,which was significantly higher than that of Runzhou Crested white duck.In terms of egg quality,the eggshell quality of Jinfeng Duck Group was significantly higher than that of Runzhou Crested White Duck(P<0.05),which provided a reference for specialized strains of young eggshell in Runzhou Crested White Duck.