| Objective: Articular cartilage lacks the distribution of vascular and nerve,resulting in weak self repair and regeneration.At present,the methods of repairing cartilage defects in clinical application have different shortcomings.The application of tissue engineering has brought new ideas for the better repair and regeneration of cartilage.Adipose Tissue-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction(AT-SVF)is a new type of cell mixture with stem cell characteristics.In the previous study,the positive effects of the growth and differentiation of chondrocytes and the improvement of joint function were shown by AT-SVF.This study will explore the feasibility and repair effect of AT-SVF derived from autologous adipose tissue to repair articular cartilage defects in SD rats.Methods: Adipose tissue was obtain from the groin area of SD rat in the sterile environment.Collagenase treatment method was used to obtain autologous AT-SVF.The characteristics of stem cells were tested by flow cytometry and three lines induced differentiation in vitro.A full-thickness cartilage defect model was establish in the right knee joint of the SD rat,with a diameter of 2mm and deep of 1.5mm.The experiment was divided into 5 groups,15 rats in each group.The experiment was achieved by using one step operation and divided according to the different implantation: group A,blank group,defects was not implanted with any things;group B,fibrin glue group,defect area was implanted with fibrin glue;group C,AT-SVF group,defect area was implanted with AT-SVF and fibrin glue;group D,cartilage extracellular matrix derived microparticles(CEDPs)group,the defect area was implanted with CEDPs and fibrin glue;group E: AT-SVF+CEDPs group,the defects were repaired by the mixture of AT-SVF and CEDPs and fibrin glue.After 4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks,Micro-CT analyze system was used to evaluate the defect of the subchondral bone remodeling.The repair of cartilage defect was evaluate in reference to the International Cartilage Repair Society Macroscopic Evaluation of Cartilage Repair(ICRS-MECR).Specimens were fixed,sliced and stained.The repair of cartilage defect was evaluate in reference to Wakitani scoring system.Results: Flow cytometry and differentiation experiments showed that AT-SVF cells cultured in vitro possessed the characteristics of stem cells and could differentiate into multilineage cells under specific culture conditions.Micro-CT analysis results showed that the experimental groups were performed in different degrees of subchondral bone remodeling.Bone volume fraction(BVF)and Trabecular Thickness(Tb.Th)of AT-SVF group and AT-SVF+CEDPs group were higher than that of other groups(P < 0.05).Histological analysis showed that AT-SVF group and AT-SVF+CEDPs group,the cartilage defect of new tissue was mainly distributed in hyaline cartilage.But in other groups,it showed hyaline cartilage and fibrous tissue mixed distribution.And AT-SVF group and AT-SVF+CEDPs group was better than the other groups in histology score(P < 0.05).It means the knee joint cartilage defect in SD rats was repaired effectively.Conclusion: Autologous AT-SVF can be used to repair the cartilage defect of the knee joint of SD rats.And the one step operation to repair the articular cartilage defect is realized.It provides a new idea for the clinical application of one step operation to repair articular cartilage defect.And during the repair of cartilage defects with CEDPs,the speed of repair was quicker.It provides a new direction for the experimental research on the tissue engineering repair with AT-SVF composite microcarriers in the future. |
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