SOX10 Expression In Human Common Epithelial Tumors And Its Clinical Pathologic Significance

Objective:By comparing the different expression of SOX 10 in human common tumors,such as breast carcinomas,salivary gland tumors and other epithelial carcinomas,we explore its clinical pathologic significance in the tumors mentioned above.Methods:A total of 117 cases of breast carcinomas,88 cases of salivary gland tumors,and 203 cases of other epithelial carcinomas being operative treated from 2002 to 2014 in the Department of Pathology of Jinling Hospital were reviewed.The breast carcinomas were subdivided into four categories:the luminal A(43cases),the luminal B(3 cases),the Her-2(25 cases)and triple-negative breast carcinomas(16 cases)based on their molecular profiles identified by genomic analysis.These salivary gland tumors included 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma,12 cases of adenocystic carcinoma,12 cases of salivary duct carcinoma,16 cases of acinic cell carcinoma,8 cases of lymphoepithelial carcinoma,10 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and 10 cases of myoepithelial carcinoma.All other epithelial carcinomas were included by 153 cases of pulmonary carcinomas(including 50 cases of adenocarcinomas,50 cases of squamous cell carcinomas,9 cases of large cell carcinomas and 44 cases of small cell carcinomas),15 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas,15 cases of colorectal adenocarcinomas,10 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 10 cases of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas.Expression of SOX 10 for different tumors was performed using the EnVisionTM □ System and statistical analysis was done with Stata 7.0 statistical software.Results:1.SOX 10 expression in breast carcinoma and surrounding tissues(1)Expression of SOX 10 in normal tissues around breast carcinomaSOX 10 was consistently expressed in almost all(100%)of the myoepithelial cells of normal breast but not expressed in the luminal and fibrous cells.(2)Expression of SOX 10 in the breast carcinomaSOX 10 was frequently expressed in cases of triple-negative breast carcinomas(11/16),but not in Luminal A/B or HER2-positive cases(x2=76.355,P<0.001).SOX 10 showed great significance to molecular subtypes,but no correlation can be made to patient ages,tumor sizes or the state of lymph nodes metastasis.2.SOX 10 expression in salivary gland tumors(1)SOX 10 expression was found in 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma specimens(100%),11 cases of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(91.7%),16 cases of acinic cell carcinoma(100%)and 9 cases of myoepithelial carcinoma(90%).SOX 10 was positively immunostained in only one case of salivary duct carcinoma(8.3%),one case of lymphoepithelial carcinoma(12.5%)and one case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma(10%).(2)Statistical analysis reveals that there is no significant difference in the expression level of SOX 10 among different types of the tumors derived from the acini and myoepithelial cells:pleomorphic adenoma,adenoid cystic carcinoma,acinic cell carcinoma and myoepithelial carcinoma.Similarly,the expression of SOX10 did not differ among the tumors derived from ducts:salivary duct carcinoma,lymphoepithelial carcinoma,mucoepidermoid carcinoma.However,there is significant difference expression of SOX10 between each tumors derived from acini and myoepithelial cells to the tumors derived from ducts(P<0.001).3.SOX 10 expression in other epithelial carcinomasSOX 10 expression cannot be identified in pulmonary carcinomas,including squamous cell carcinomas,adenocarcinoma,large cell carcinoma,and small cell carcinoma,irrespective their being primary or metastatic carcinomas.It was also not expressed in all cases of gastric carcinoma,colorectal adenocarcinoma,pancreatic ductal carcinoma and ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma.Conclusions:1.SOX 10 was strongly expressed in both breast normal myoepithelial cells and triple-negative breast carcinomas.Thus,SOX 10 could be used as a novel diagnostic marker for metastatic triple-negative breast carcinomas,which may provide important insight on the origin of carcinomas.2.SOX 10 was positive in tumors originated from the salivary gland bubble and myoepithelium,such as pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma,acinar cell carcinoma,and myoepithelial carcinoma.But it was weakly expressed in tumors stemmed from ducts tissues,such as ductal carcinoma of the salivary glands,lymphatic carcinoma,and mucous epidermoid carcinoma.Thus,As a marker of acini and intercalated duct,SOX10 may provide a clue for the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors.3.SOX 10 was negatively expressed in pulmonary carcinomas,gastric carcinomas,colorectal carcinomas,ovarian carcinomas and pancreatic carcinomas.