| ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to explore the clinical characteristics of patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and how a comprehensive educational intervention may effect these patients in the clinic.Additionally,the effect of the diabetic knowledge level,the diabetic self-care behavior,blood glucose status,and a series of related indexes were evaluated after the comprehensive education intervention with newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes in the early stage.Methods1.From May 2015 to October 2016,a database was established for 1294 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in the Diabetes Identification Center of Metabolic Disease Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,which included their clinical characteristics.2.From the newly diagnosed patients,262 were randomly selected to participate in the population trial which aimed to evaluate the effect of the comprehensive education in the clinic.They were assigned randomly into a control group(n=131)and an intervention group(n=131).The duration of the trial was 6 months,including grouped education in the first trimester and individual education in the last trimester led by a specialist nurse.To evaluate the value of the intervention,data were analyzed using t test,χ~2 test,or Fisher’s exact test.Results1.The clinical characteristics of the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients showed that 58.7%were male,57.4%were aged 50-64,95.7%were Han nationality,24.0%had junior high school education,60.7%were in-service personnel,and 89.3%were married.The proportion of those who were non-smokers,non-drinkers,or regular exercisers was 50.9%,71.8%,and 55.1%respectively,whereas those who sat for more than 6 hours a day was 43.3%,and 43.6%were overweight and 30.0%were obese.The proportions of patients who had abdominal obesity at the waist,waist-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio was93.2%,78.5%and 90.1%respectively.The proportion of patients with hypertension,hyperlipemia,the family history of diabetes and hypertension were 54.2%,51.6%,53.0%,and 56.6%respectively.The proportion of patients with bad blood glucose control was 76.9%,while the proportion of persons with diet control was 69.5%,and who performed strengthening exercise was60.1%.2.Before the intervention,the general demographic information,behavior or lifestyle factors,the state of diabetes,therapeutic measures,the knowledge of diabetes,diabetes self-care behavior and the clinical indicators,including BMI,WC,FBG,2 hPG,HbAlc,TG,TC,HDL,LDL were not significantly different(P>0.05)between the control and intervention groups.3.After the intervention,patients in intervention group had lower BMI,FBG,2hPG and HbAlc levels,and a higher score of diabetic knowledge and diabetes self-care behavior compared to patients in control group(P<0.05);Among those in the intervention group,BMI,FBG,2hPG,and HbAlc levels were much lower after the intervention than before(P<0.05)and the score of diabetic knowledge and diabetes self-care behavior were much higher after the intervention than before intervention(P<0.05),Similarly,among patients in control group,FBG,2hPG,and HbAlc levels were much lower(P<0.05)and the score of diabetic knowledge and diabetes self-care behavior were much higher(P<0.05)after the intervention;Simultaneously,the reductions in BMI,WC,FBG,2hPG,and HbAlc were much greater among patients in intervention group compared to patients in control group,whereas the increases in the score of diabetic knowledge and diabetes self-care behavior were much greater compared to patients in the control group(P<0.05).ConclusionsThe comprehensive education intervention performed in clinics among patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has important clinical significance.After the intervention,the diabetic knowledge and ability to undertake diabetes self-care behaviors were improved,as well as blood glucose levels and BMI.As a new model of outpatient comprehensive education,it has a powerful operability and practicability,thus worth promoting. |
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