Study On The Evaluation Of Dietary Quality And Dietary Pattern Of Nursing Students In A University In Anhui Province

Objective: This research aims to investigate and evaluate the dietary quality and dietary pattern of college nursing students in Anhui Province,provide a reference basis for nursing students to solve the problem of dietary imbalance,and promote the construction of a balanced diet to prevent and control the occurrence of chronic diseases.Methods: In this study,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 457 nursing students from a medical school in Anhui Province.The specially trained investigators adopted the “General Information Table for Nursing Students” and the “24h Dietary Survey Form for Nursing Students” to investigate the general conditions,physical condition,and dietary intake of students on a one-on-one basis.The SPSS22.0 statistical software package and the nutrition calculator V2.7.3 were used for data analysis.The revised dietary balance index(DBI-07)was used to evaluate the dietary data and discuss the dietary patterns and dietary patterns of college nursing students.Results:1.The average daily energy of the students surveyed are 2384.1±424.6 kcal.Specifically,the carbohydrate is 274.3±82.4 g,the fat is 68.3±30.1g,and the protein is 42.1±21.6 g.38.7% of the student's daily energy intake is higher than the recommended standard.70.2% of the students have a carbohydrate energy supply ratio of more than 70%.72.7% of the students have a fat supply ratio of more than 30%.33.3% of the students have a protein supply ratio of less than 10%.2.Dietary quality2.1 There is a statistically significant difference between girls and boys in Low Bound Score(LBS)(P<0.05),and the degree of female students' inadequacy was high.By contrast,the intake of senior students in the 21-23 age group is the highest.There is a significant difference among students from urban and rural areas(P<0.05).Students in rural areas have a high degree of inadequacy of intake.There are also prominent differences in parental education and food expenses(P<0.05).2.2 There is a significant difference in High Bound Score(HBS)between genders(P<0.05),and males tended to over-intake.The HBS score for 19-year-old respondents is the highest.And there is a significant difference between the third grade and the first grade(P<0.05).Insufficient intake of students in the third grade is higher.The intake of over-educated students from rural areas is higher and statistically significant(P<0.05).The intake of students from rural areas and students with lower levels of parental education is higher and statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The proportion of students with insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits is 90.4% and 91.7%,respectively.More than half of the students' intake of livestock and poultry meat is inadequate.73.8% of the students' intake of aquatic products such as fish and shrimp is less than 20g/d,and 79.9% of students do not drink dairy products.The overall intake of condiments is excessive.Only 17.0% of the students consume appropriate amounts of oil.37.9% of the students consume less than 1,200 ml of water each day,and 98.8% of students eat 6-10 types of food each day.4.The overall dietary characteristics reflected by nursing students surveyed are summarized as follows.The overall dietary quality of nursing students shows a moderate imbalance(DQD=36.8),which can be seen from the moderate insufficient intake of fruits,vegetables,milk and beans(LBS=26.2),and moderate excess intake of cereals(HBS=10.6).5.12.9% of students show show the dietary pattern of A.Most of students are in the E diet pattern(192)reflected moderate levels of fruit and vegetables,insufficient intake of eggs and excessive intake of cereals,oil,and salt in the diet.This reflects the presence of moderate levels of fruit and vegetables,inadequate intake of egg milk,and excessive intake of cereals,oil,and salt in the diet.6.Inadequate intake of trace elements such as dietary fiber,calcium,zinc,and vitamin C,and excessive intake of fats and oils are shown in various dietary patterns.Conclusion1.Nursing college students have a high daily energy,unbalanced energy supply of three major nutrients,high energy supply of carbohydrates,high energy supply of fat,low protein supply ratio.The students tend to select the high-fat and high-carbohydrate western dietary patterns.2.The overall dietary quality is moderately inadequate,especially for girls in the lower grades.Boys are mainly over-intake.The focus of nutrition intervention is for first-year girls from rural areas who do not have a high level of parental education and who have a low monthly food expenses.The population is the focus of nutrition and health education in the future.3.In terms of dietary patterns and dietary patterns,nursing students have moderate levels of excessive dietary intake and inadequate intake.Excessive intake is mainly reflected in cereals and edible oils and insufficient intake is mainly reflected in fruits and vegetables,fish and shrimp products,and dairy products.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the health education for nursing students with reasonable diet.