| OBJECTIVE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is a common chronic lung disease(CLD)that usually occurs in patients with hyaline membrane disease,prenatal steroid deficiency,postnatal inflammation,infection,Long-term oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation,abnormal growth factor signal transduction and genetic factors in premature infants,the pathological manifestations of alveolar and pulmonary microvascular dysplasia.In recent years,with the increasing survival rate of ultra-low and very low birth weight infants,the incidence of BPD has increased year by year.BPD can lead to decreased lung function,neurodevelopmental delay and poor physical development after birth to adolescence.The sequelae seriously affect the growth and quality of life of premature infants.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)is a polypeptide factor with a variety of biological activities mainly produced by mononuclear-macrophages.It is the main medium involved in inflammation and causing tissue cell damage.It is closely related to the occurrence of respiratory diseases.TNF-α can cause damage to alveolar type II epithelial cells,which can directly damage endothelial cells,and can also stimulate neutrophils to release a large amount of inflammatory mediators,causing tissue damage,causing damage to alveolar type II cells,causing lung damage,and Lead to the occurrence of BPD.An inflammatory immune response involving multiple inflammatory factors and growth factors is an important pathogenesis of BPD.Studies have shown that exogenous pathogenic factors or host-derived risk signals are recognized by specific receptors,promote the synthesis and release of inflammatory factors,and further recruit inflammatory cells to participate in the inflammatory response.These receptors include TOLL-like receptors(TLR),the TLR signaling pathway plays an integral role in lung inflammation and injury.Recent studies have shown that TNF-α and TLR-related gene mutations may be involved in the occurrence and development of BPD.Therefore,this study attempts to find out its association with the pathogenesis of BMD in Mongolia and Han,to understand the distribution of genotypes of different ethnic groups,toclarify whether there are differences among different ethnic groups,and to provide a theoretical basis for gene prevention.METHODS A total of 50 children with BPD who were hospitalized in the neonatology department of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from October 2016 to October 1818 were enrolled as the case group,including 21 Mongolian and 29 Han nationality,and freshmen from the Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital.50 children with BPD were enrolled in the ward as a control group,including 32 Hans and 18 Mongolians.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)gene analysis was used to detect tumor necrosis factor in Mongolian premature infants.-α(TNF-α)with or without mutation,genotype and allele distribution of TNF-α-201 locus and TOLL-like receptor-10(TLR-10)gene rs11096955 locus,analysis of its occurrence with BPD Relevance.RESULTS: There was no mutation in the whole exon of TNF-α.Two genotypes were detected in the TNF-α gene-201 locus in the case group and the control group: AG and GG.Among them,the frequency of the two genotypes in the case group were: 10.0% and90.0%,the frequency of the G allele was 95.0%,the frequency of the A allele was 5.0%,and the frequencies of the two genotypes in the control group were 6.0%.94.0%,the G allele frequency was 97.0%,and the A allele frequency was 3.0%.There were no significant differences in genotype frequency and allele frequency between the two groups(P>0.05).Further,the distribution of genes at the locus of Mongolian and Han premature infants was further compared.The frequencies of AG and GG genotypes in the Han premature infants were 10.3% and 89.7%,the G allele frequency was 94.8%,and the A allele frequency was5.2%.In the control group,the frequencies of the two genotypes were 6.3% and 93.7%,the G allele frequency was 96.9%,and the A allele frequency was 3.1%.The frequencies of the two genotypes in the Mongolian premature infant case group were 9.5% and 90.5%,the G allele frequency was 95.2%,and the A allele frequency was 4.8%.In the control group,the frequencies of the two genotypes were 5.6% and 94.4%,the G allele frequency was 97.2%,and the A allele frequency was 2.8%.In the case group and the control group,the TLR-10 gene rs11096955 locus could detect three genotypes: AA,CC and AC.Among them,the frequency of the three genotypes in the case group were: 26.0%,32.0%,and 42.0%,the C allele frequency was 53.0%,and the A allele frequency was 47.0%.26.0%,28.0%,and 46.0%,the C allele frequency was 51.0%,and the A allele frequency was 49.0%.There were no significant differences in the frequency of genotypes and allele frequencies between the three groups(P>0.05).Further,the distribution of genes at the locus of Mongolian and Han premature infants was further compared.The three genotype frequencies of AA,CC and AC in the Han premature infants were 24.1%,31.1% and 44.8%,the C allele frequency was53.4%,and the A allele frequency was 46.6%.The frequencies of the three genotypes in the control group were 25.0%,28.1% and 46.9%,the C allele frequency was 51.6%,and the A allele frequency was 48.4%.The frequencies of the three genotypes in the Mongolian premature infants were 28.6%,33.3%,and 38.1%,the C allele frequency was 52.4%,and the A allele frequency was 47.6%.The frequencies of the three genotypes in the control group were 27.8%,27.8%,and 44.4%,the C allele frequency was 50.0%,and the A allele frequency was 50.0%.There was no significant difference in the genotype frequency and allele frequency of TNF-α-201 locus and TLR-10 gene rs11096955 locus between Mongolian and Han nationality compared with the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion: No mutations in the whole exon of tumor necrosis factor TNF-α were detected in the premature infants of both groups.The polymorphisms of TNF-α-201 and TLR-10 gene rs11096955 were not associated with the pathogenesis of BPD in premature infants in Inner Mongolia.There is no significant difference in the distribution of the two locus genes in the Mongolian Han nationality. |
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