Preliminary Study On The Protective Effects Of Coenzyme Q10 On NaIO₃-induced Retinal Degeneration In Mice

Retinal degeneration is a type of blinding disease caused by irreversible damage to the retinal pigment epithelium?RPE?cells and photoreceptor cells.In recent years,many studies have shown that topical use of coenzyme Q10?Coenzyme Q10,CoQ10?has a good effect on the treatment and protection of ocular lesions,but few studies have reported the role of topical use of coenzyme Q10 in retinal degeneration,and the mechanism of action is still unclear.In this experiment,Kunming mice were used as experimental animals.The retinal degeneration model was established by using a single injection of NaIO₃?50mg/kg?into the tail vein of the mice.The safety of intravitreal injection of CoQ10 in mice was evaluated by HE staining and GFAP immunofluorescence staining,and the dosage of CoQ10,which has strong protective effect on NaIO₃-induced retinal degeneration,was screened out.Rpe65,Rhodopsin and Opn1mw antibody-specific marker was used to assess the protective effect of CoQ10 on RPE cells,rods and cones.The possible protective mechanism of CoQ10 on retinal degeneration was discussed using apoptosis rate,relative expression of protein Bcl-2 and Bax,T-SOD activity and MDA contents,expression of the inflammatory factors IL-1?and TNF-?,gliosis of Müller cells and activation of microglia.The results showed that:?1?NaIO₃induced retinal RPE cells and the outer nuclear layer?ONL?cells gradually decreased,the ONL structure was disordered,and the damage was found to be time-dependent;?2?Intravitreal injection of 0.2?g and 4?g CoQ10 was used for the mice safety.It was shown that the dosage of 4?g has protective effect on NaIO₃-induced retinal degeneration and also on the rods and cones in mice;?3?The apoptosis rate of the ONL cell was significantly increased after the NaIO₃ induction.CoQ10 can inhibit the apoptosis at the early stage of the retinal degeneration by up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and down-regulating the Bax protein;?4?CoQ10 also significantly inhibited the decrease of T-SOD activity,the increase of MDA content,the increase of expression of inflammatory factors IL-1?and TNF-?,the reactive gliosis of Müller cells and the activated of microglia in NaIO₃-induced retinal degeneration.This study investigated the protective effect of topical use of CoQ10 on NaIO₃-induced retinal degeneration in mice.The results showed that intravitreal injection of 4?g CoQ10 in mice can effectively protect NaIO₃-induced retinal degeneration by slow down the apoptosis of the photoreceptor cells,inhibit the oxidative stress,the inflammation,the activation of microglia and reactive gliosis of Müller cells.The research results will provide some reference and reference for the protection and treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.