The Response Of Peri-implant Tissue Cells And Bacteria To Nanostructured Titanium Surfaces

Ideal surface of dental implants should not only promote tissue integration around peri-implant bone and soft tissue,but also diminish bacterial colonization.Nanotopography is a major focus of interest in the current surface modification of titanium implants;in previous studies,we found that nanostructured surfaces fabricated by alkali-hydrothermal treatment showed favorable bioactivity,however,the systematic effect of the nanostructured surfaces on peri-implant tissue cells and bacteria is still unclear.In the present study,homogeneous nanofiber structures were prepared on pure titanium surfaces(Nano)by alkali-hydrothermal treatment,and the effect of the Nano surfaces on the biological behaviors of human MG-63 osteoblasts,human gingival epithelial cells(HGECs),human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs)and Streptococcus mutans(UA159)were evaluated in comparison with smooth titanium surfaces(Smooth)by polishing and micro-rough titanium surfaces(Micro)by sandblasting and acid etching,with an aim to optimize the design of titanium implant surfaces.Our findings showed that the nanostructured surfaces enhanced the osteogenic activity of human MG-63 cells(Nano = Micro > Smooth),improved the attachment of HGECs(Nano > Smooth > Micro)and HGFs(Nano = Micro > Smooth)and reduced the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans(Nano < Smooth < Micro).These results suggest that the nanostructured titanium surfaces may promote bone and soft tissue healing and thereby increase the success and survival of dental implants.