The Molecular Epidemiology Study On HCV、HHVs Among HIV-1 Infected Individuals In Yunnan Province

Yunnan Province is located in the southwestern border of China and adjacent to Southeast Asian countries.HIV-1 is introduced into China from neighboring countries,which is characterized by the complexity of subtypes/recombinant subtypes,the common circulation of multiple subtypes,and new types of recombination continue to occur.Therefore,Yunnan Province has always been considered the most serious area of HIV prevalence in China and is also the center of HIV infection and transmission.With the development of economic globalization,cross-border population has greatly promoted regional economic development,and also increased the opportunities for virus transmission and recombination.In addition,the mode of transmission of HIV has gradually changed from intravenous drug to sexual transmission,making HIV infection and epidemic particularly affecting women.With the promotion and use of highefficiency antiviral therapy,life expectancy of AIDS patients is prolonged,AIDS morbidity and mortality are reduced,and opportunistic infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected people.HCV and HHV infection are the most common and most seriously opportunistic infection during AIDS process.This study investigated HCV and HHVs infection in HIV-infected populations in Yunnan Province and clarified the infection and genetic characteristics of the two virus in this population.85 cases of HCV infections were detected among 731 HIV-infected people in Yunnan Province,and the infection rate was about 11.6%.There were 8 circulating subtypes in this populations,followed by 3b(28.4%),6n(24.7%),3a(16.1%),1a(12.3%),1b(6.2%),and 6u(6.2%).6v(4.9%)and 6a(1.2%),respectively.Compared with HCV mono-infected cases,the distribution of HCV subtypes in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals was similar to that in HCV mono-infected individuals,but the proportion of HCV genotype 6 in HIV/HCV co-infected patients increased,including 6a,6n,6u and 6v subtypes.Phylogenetic analysis showed that most HCV strains were closely genetic distance to Yunnan and the Southeast Asia countries.Moreover,there was a correlation between different HIV-1 subtypes and HCV subtypes.Three genotypes of HCV are prevalent in CRF01_AE infected samples(geonotype 1,3 and 6),and CRF07_BC infected patients were mainly infected with genotype 1 and 3.Secondly,108 cases of HHVs infection were found among 121 HIV-1 infected people in Yunnan Province,wiht co-infection rate of 89.3%.HSV-2(65.3%)and HSV-1(59.5%)were the most prevalent viruses in HIV/HHVs co-infection,whereas HHV-8(28.9%)and HHV-6(20.0%)were prevalent in the control group.Statistical analysis showed that HSV-1(p < 0.001),HSV-2(p < 0.001)and EBV(p < 0.01)were significantly different between the two groups.Compared with the control group,HIV infection may be associated with multiple HHV co-infections,especially co-infection with more than 2 different HHVs(P < 0.001).In addition,there is a significant positive correlation between HHVs and HIV infection,which may be related to several factors: age,marital status,CD4 cell count,and current HAART treatment regimen.In addition,we performed HIV-1 genotype analysis on 181 HIV-infected patients,including 91 known HIV-1 infection pathways and 90 unknown infection pathways.The results showed that the most prevalent subtypes in this population were CRF01_AE and CRF08_BC,followed by B,C,CRF07_BC and other B/C recombinations.Phylogenetic and evolutionary characteristics of the major circulating subtypes revealed that the strains in this recruited population showed close genetic relationship with the reported sexually transmitted strains.The findings suggested that the important role of female infected persons in the spread of HIV should be highlighted.In summary,this paper clarifies the molecular prevalence of HCV and HHVs in HIV-infected populations in Yunnan.And clarifies the prevalence of HIV-1 in female cross-border populations.The study found that HIV-infected patients with HCV and HHVs infections are significantly different from simple infections: HCV is more prone to 6 genotypes(including 6a,6n,6u and 6v)infection;HHVs are more likely to infect and popular multiple viruses.It also reveals we shloud pay more attention to female infections in HIV prevention and control.The results of this study will provide direct data to support the development of HIV treatment and prevention strategies in Yunnan.