| Cinnabar and realgar and its preparations are widely used in China.At present,there are a large number of proprietary Chinese medicines containing cinnabar/realgar,and there are some classic prescriptions,many of which are pediatric drugs.In the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,there are including 70 prescriptions containing cinnabar and 30 prescriptions containing realgar,32 kinds of pediatrics prescriptions containing cinnabar/realgar.The total arsenic and mercury content in the preparations of realgar/cinnabar far exceeds the limit of heavy metals and harmful elements in Chinese herbal medicines,and its safety has been questioned.At present,the research on cinnabar and realgar and its prescriptions mainly includes the accumulation of mercury and arsenic in the vivo.And there are little research on the speciation of heavy metals.Related studies showed that it was unscientific to evaluate the toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine preparations containing realgar and cinnabar in terms of total mercury and total arsenic.Arsenic and mercury exist in different compounds of arsenic and mercury in the vivo,and different speciation of absorption,distribution,metabolism,and toxicity in vivo were not the same.The toxicity of methylmercury(Met-Hg)is much greater than that of inorganic mercury(Ino-Hg);the toxicity between arsenic speciation is different,the As(III)is the most toxic,and the As(V)is the second.Methyl decanoic acid(MMA)and dimethyl decanoic acid(DMA)are moderate toxicity,while arsenic betaine(AsB)and arsenic choline(AsC)are considered to be non-toxic.Therefore,it is of great significace to study the arsenic and mercury speciation of cinnabar and realgar and its prescriptions into the vivo.In this study,a method for the determination of mercury and arsenic speciation in biological samples with HPLC-ICP-MS combined with rapid ultrasonic assisted extraction was established.Combined with ultrafiltration purification,satisfactory separation of mercury and arsenic speciation can be achieved within 10 min.The cinnabar and cinnabar-containing Chinese patent medicine "Yi-Nian-Jin",realgar and the realgar-containing medicine "Niu-Huang-Jie-Du-Pian" were as research object,to study the toxicity and accumulation of arsenic and mercury separation in rats.The rapid detection method was used to analyze the mercury and arsenic separation in 31 animal drugs and the mercury separation in sea cucumber.The results showed that after gaving gavage menthods to the rat of cinnabar and Yi-Nian-Jin for 4 weeks,the most important organ of mercury element accumulation was the kidney,and the liver and brain were the secondary accumulation organs.The accumulation of methylmercury(Met-Hg)in the organs was not obvious;the realgar and Niu-Huang-Jie-Du-Pian were given after 4 weeks,the arsenic speciation mainly accumulated the DMA.87 batches of 31 animal drugs were detected in different contents of arsenic and mercury speciation.In 20 batches of sea cucumbers and 2 batches of sea cucumber capsules,inorganic mercury(Ino-Hg)and methylmercury(Met-Hg)were detected,which were the speciation of heavy metals in animal drugs and seafood.This study can provide important evidence for the speciation study of heavy metals and the risk assessment for animal drugs and seafood. |
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