Effect Of Ginseng Processed By Different Methods On Immune Function In Mice

In this paper,cyclophosphamide(CTX)was used as an immunosuppressant to establish a mice immunosuppressive model.Firstly,the effect of ginseng with different processing methods on immunocompromised mice was explored and their active components were detected and analyzed.The effect of different extraction components of red ginseng on immune function in immunocompromised mice was then explored and their active components were detected and analyzed.These results provide experimental bases for the development and usage of ginseng in food and medicine.1.Establishment of immune function inhibition model in miceMice were intraperitoneally injected with different doses of CTX,to observe the immune effects of CTX under different doses in normal BALB/c mice through immunological indexes including organ index,white blood cell count,spleen lymphocyte proliferation,d TH,the corrective clearance index,NK cells killing activity,thelevels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-2 and IL-6.A suitable immunosuppressive animal model for the next experiment was selected accordingly.The results showed that compared with the blank control group,cyclophosphamide with different doses and different administration time could inhibit the immune function of mice.Cyclophosphamide has no obvious inhibition on immune function in mice and might play a promoting role with low doses.One-time high-dose injection of CTX appears no significant inhibition to immune function of mice.When under same administration time,cyclophosphamide inhibited the immune function of mice in a dose-dependent manner.Continuous intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg CTX for 5 days resulted in low immune function in normal mice.Therefore,injecting CTX of 80 mg/kg with continuous administration for 5 days was selected as the immunosuppressive animal model.2.Effect of dali ginseng,white ginseng and red ginseng on immune function in immunocompromised miceThe immunosuppression model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg CTX for 5 days.Ginsengs with different processing methods(dali ginseng,white ginseng,red ginseng)were applied to model mice by gavaging for 30 days to investigate the effect of dali ginseng,white ginseng and red ginseng on the immune function in immunocompromised mice.The ginsenosides in dali ginseng,white ginseng and red ginseng were detected by UPLC and LC-MS-MS.The soluble polysaccharides were detected by naphthol-concentrated sulfuric acid method.The result showed that dali ginseng,white ginseng and red ginseng could increase the organ index,spleen lymphocyte proliferation,DTH,the corrective clearance index,NK cells activity,the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-2 and IL-6 in immunosuppressive mice.Due to the high temperature in the processing of dali ginseng and red ginseng,the content of triol saponins decreased while the diol saponins increased.And red ginseng contains ginseng saponin Rh2,which is not found in white ginseng and dali ginseng.The content of soluble polysaccharides in red ginseng reached highest amount up to 18.247%,dali ginseng(13.121%)and white ginseng(12.766%).These findings showed that the dali ginseng,white ginseng and red ginseng could improve the immune function of CTX induced immunosuppression mice.The red ginseng has the best effect,followed by dali ginseng with moderate effect and the white ginseng which has the weakest effect among others.Especially,the effect of red ginseng and dali ginseng were better than that of white ginseng in the cell immunity.3.Effects of different extracted components of red ginseng on immune function in immunocompromised miceThe model mice were given different extracts of red ginseng by gavaging for 30 d to investigate the effect of different extracted components of red ginseng in immunosuppressive mouse.The ginsenosides were detected by UPLC and the soluble polysaccharides were detected by naphthol-concentrated sulfuric acid method.The results showed that the different extracts of red ginseng could increase the organ index,spleen lymphocyte proliferation,DTH,the corrective clearance index,NK cells killing activity,the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-2 and IL-6 in immunosuppressive mice.The content of saponins and polysaccharide composition in water extracts of red ginseng were higher.There is no polysaccharides were detected in alcohol extracts.These findings revealed that both alcohol extracts and water extracst of red ginseng can improve the immune function of mice with low immune function induced by CTX,and the immune enhancement effect of the water extracts of red ginseng were better than that of the alcohol extracts.