Characteristics Of Acute Poisoning In Children

Objective: To analyzes the clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute poisoning,explores their common characteristics,and provides a reference for seeking effective prevention and treatment measures.Methods: A total of 725 cases of acute poisoning in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were collected and all clinical data were retrospectively analyzed,include: General information(gender,age,place of residence,etc.),epidemiological characteristics(year of onset,season,etc.),laboratory tests(liver and kidney function,markers of myocardial injury,coagulation function,etc.),clinical symptoms,prognosis,etc.Results:1.The average age of children with acute poisoning is 5.06 ± 3.77 years,the median age is 3.5 years,and the high incidence age is 1 to 5 years old.They are mainly in early childhood(268,37.0%)and preschool age(200,27.6%);boy438(60.4%),girl 287(39.6%),boys were significantly higher than girls;rural areas 545(75.2%),urban areas 180(24.8%),rural children were higher than urban children;Occurs in all four seasons,spring slightly more(29.7%);2.Toxicant variety,the top 4 are: drug poisoning 213(29.4%),pesticide poisoning 188(25.9%),food poisoning 106(14.6%),rodenticide poisoning80(11.0%);3.The types of toxicant differ significantly in different seasons and places ofresidence: pesticide poisoning(85,45.2%)has the highest incidence in spring,food poisoning(52,49.1%)has the highest incidence in autumn,and CO poisoning(27,64.3%)were increased significantly in winter;drug poisoning was predominant in cities(85,47.2%),and pesticides were dominant in rural areas(181,33.2%);4.The main route of poisoning is the digestive tract(666,91.9%),followed by the respiratory tract(40,5.5%),skin(18,2.5%),and veins(1,0.1%).The main causes of poisoning are accidental poisoning,such as accidental ingestion and ingestion,which are common in 650 cases(89.7%),and the rest are 40 cases(5.5%)of inhaled poisoning and 18 cases(2.5%)of contact poisoning.16 cases(2.2%)of intentional poisoning by self(16,2.2%);but,Intentional poisoning increased significantly during adolescence,accounting for 86.7%;5.The clinical manifestations are different due to the different types and doses of toxicant.They are complex and diverse,and can affect multiple organs and systems throughout the body,mainly the digestive system(231,30.0%)and the nervous system(169,21.9%).For example,children with drug and CO poisoning are mainly damaged by the nervous system,which are mainly manifested as atrophy,coma,and convulsions.Children with pesticide poisoning are mainly damaged by the digestive system,which are mainly manifested by vomiting,abdominal pain,etc.In children with rodenticide poisoning,the main damage to the blood circulation system is mainly manifested by bleeding in different parts with abnormal coagulation function;6.The average time of seeing a doctor was 20.98 ± 98.8h,and the average time of hospitalization was 4.27 ± 3.85 days.The time for rural children to be transferred to a medical institution for treatment after poisoning is significantly later than that for the city.Most of the children with poisoning are treated in time.,they can be cured by active and regular treatment,and the prognosis is good.The total effective rate is 96.0%,and there is no serious leftover complication.Conclusion:1.The age of acute poisoning is mainly in early childhood and preschool age.It is more common in 1 to 5 years old.Boys are significantly more than girls.The proportion of children in rural areas is much higher than that in cities.Occurs in all four seasons,spring slightly more(29.7%);and there is no obvious seasonal difference.2.The top 4 with poisons in this study are: drug poisoning,pesticide poisoning,food poisoning,rodenticide poisoning;pesticide poisoning has the highest incidence in spring,food poisoning has the highest incidence in autumn,and CO poisoning occurs in winter.Drug poisoning was predominant in cities,and pesticides were dominant in rural areas;3.The clinical manifestations are different due to the different types and doses of toxicant.They are complex and diverse,and can affect multiple organs and systems throughout the body;4.Interventions should be directed at controllable factors to avoid the occurrence of poisoning,and if it occurs,you should seek medical treatment ina timely manner.