Dysbiosis And Functional Prediction Of Gut Microbiome In Patients With Primary Osteoporosis

BackgroundPrimary osteoporosis is a common bone disease in the process of orthopedic diagnosis and treatment.It is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by the decrease of bone mineral and bone colloid content and the damage of bone tissue microstructure,which leads to the increase of bone tissue brittleness,the decrease of bone strength and the prone to fracture.Osteoporosis patients with minor trauma in daily activities can occur fracture,known as osteoporotic fracture,which is a serious consequence of osteoporosis.Osteoporotic fracture does great harm and is one of the main causes of disability and even life-threatening in elderly patients.The integrity of bone is maintained by the dynamic metabolic process of bone resorption and bone formation,which leads to bone loss and osteoporosis when there is a negative metabolic balance between bone formation and bone resorption.The integrity of bone is maintained by the dynamic metabolic process of bone resorption and bone formation,which leads to bone loss and osteoporosis when there is a negative metabolic balance between bone formation and bone resorption.Related basic and clinical studies have shown that gut microbiome may be directly or in coordination with the nervous system to regulate the immune system and endocrine system through the brain-gut axis to participate in the process of bone metabolism.However,at present,there are few related studies at home and abroad,there is no large-scale study to analyze the relationship between osteoporosis and microbiome.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate the composition and distribution of gut microbiome in patients with primary osteoporosis,and to compare the differences of gut microbiome between patients with primary osteoporosis and healthy people,in order to find the specific changes of gut microbiome in patients with primary osteoporosis,and to explore the possible mechanism of these specific gut microbiome changes in the occurrence and development of primary osteoporosis.Method96 volunteers who visited the first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in 2019 were prospectively recruited,and their fecal samples were collected.The bone mineral density of the volunteers was measured by bone densitometer.The participants were divided into primary osteoporosis group(n=48,female=29)and healthy control group(n=48,female=30).16s rDNA amplification sequence was used to analyze the composition of gut microbiome community,and the difference of gut microbiome composition between primary osteoporosis group and healthy control group was compared.PICRUSt was used to predict the biological function of gut microbiome in primary osteoporosis group and healthy control group,and to study its possible role in the occurrence and development of primary osteoporosis.The classification model was constructed by random forest algorithm to screen the key biomarkers.Results1.The species diversity of gut microbiome in patients with primary osteoporosis increased significantly,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.The abundance of Dialister(0.036 vs.0.004,P<0.001)and Faecalibacterium(0.331 vs.0.132,P<0.001)were significantly enriched which were the key flora related to primary osteoporosis.3.PICRUST results show that there are a wide range of potential pathways between gut microbiome and primary osteoporosis,including genetic information processing,metabolism,environmental information processing,cellular processes,human diseases and organic systems.4.The discriminant model based on the dominant microflora can effectively distinguish between primary osteoporosis patients and healthy control individuals.Conclusions1.The gut microbiome diversity in the primary osteoporosis group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group,and the flora structure was different in different taxonomic levels(phylum,class,order,family,genus).2.In primary osteoporosis group,Bacterioidia and its order and family-level species,Ruminococcaceae,Prevotellaceae,Dialister and Faecalibacterium,are used as biomarkers.3.Dialister and Faecalibacterium may be related to the occurrence and development of primary osteoporosis which can regulate bone metabolism through a variety of mechanisms.