Effect Of Electroacupuncture On Energy Metabolism Plasticity Of Vestibular Nucleus In Guinea Pigs With Vestibular Dysfunction By Acute Posterior Circulation Ischemia

Objective:To investigate the role and mechanism of energy metabolism plasticity in vestibular compensation of guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia,and whether electroacupuncture can participate in the energy metabolism plasticity of the vestibular nucleus and promote the vestibular compensation process by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway.Methods:1.Animal grouping.Twenty 3-month-old healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group?CG,n=5?,sham operation group?SOG,n=5?,operation group?OG,n=5?and operation+electroacupuncture group?EOG,n=5?.2.Animal Modeling.The model of guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia was induced by cutting the right common carotid artery,and ligating the ipsilateral subclavian artery.After operation,these guinea pigs were randomly divided into the CG and EOG.Moreover,the same arteries were exposed,and not cut or ligated in the SOG.Furthermore,the guinea pigs were electroacupunctured at Baihui?GV 20?and Neiguan?PC 6?for 30 minutes once a day,which continued for 7days in the EOG.3.Postural asymmetries score.The behavior changes were observed and the postural asymmetries were quantified at 2h,1,3,5and 7 days after the operation in four groups.4.The glucose metabolism changes in the vestibular nuclei were analyzed by micro PET/CT,which was used to detect the average ratio of ¹⁸F-FDG maximum standard uptake value?SUVmax?in the left and right vestibular nuclei.5.The ATP level in the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus was detected by the ELISA.6.The expression of AMPK and SIRT1 mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.7.Statistical analysis.The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 24.0 software.The data was expressed as mean±standard deviation?x±s?and analyzed by ANOVA to present comparisons between multiple groups.A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1.Changes in the scores of postural asymmetries.The scores were different at different time period in the OG and EOG?F=183.746,P<0.001?,and the postural asymmetries gradually decreased.At 3 and 5 days after operation,the scores in the EOG were significantly lower than that in the OG?P<0.05?.Moreover,there was a significant increase in the scores of the OG at 7 days after operation?P<0.05,compared with the CG?.However,the differences of scores between the EOG and CG were not statistically significant?P>0.05?.2.Changes in glucose metabolism in vestibular nucleus.There were significant differences in the average ratios of maximum SUV between left and right vestibular nucleus in the four groups?F=24.453,P=0.000?.Compared with CG,there was an increase in the average ratios of maximum SUV in the OG and EOG?P<0.05?,and no statistical difference in the SOG?P>0.05?.In addition,there was an increase in the OG?P<0.001,compared with SOG?,and a decrease in the EOG?P<0.01,compared with OG?.3.Changes in ATP level in the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus.There were significant differences in the four groups?F=13.385,P=0.002?.Compared with the CG,there was a significant decrease in the OG?P<0.01?,and no significant differences in the SOG and EOG?P>0.05?.Moreover,there was a significant decrease in the OG?P<0.01,compared with the SOG?,and an increase in the EOG?P<0.05,compared with the OG?.4.Changes in SIRT1 and AMPK mRNA expression.There was a significant difference in the expression of AMPK and SIRT1mRNA among the four groups?respectively F=4.057 and 18.801,P=0.033 and 0.000?.Compared with the CG,the mRNA expression of AMPK and SIRT1 increased in the ipsilateral vestibular nuclei in the OG?P<0.01?,and SIRT1 mRNA increased in the EOG?P<0.01?,but AMPK mRNA did not changed statistically?P>0.5?.Besides,the expression of SIRT1 mRNA increased in the OG?P<0.001?,and AMPK mRNA expression was not statistically significant compared with the SOG?P>0.05?.Otherwise,there was a significant decrease in the expression of AMPK and SIRT1 mRNA in the EOG compared with the OG?P<0.05?.Conclusion:1.The postural asymmetries and the model of guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia were successfully induced and established by occluding the right common carotid artery and ligating the ipsilateral subclavian artery.2.The decrease of glucose metabolism and ATP production may be the important causes of vestibular disturbances in guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia.3.The AMPK/SIRT1 pathway can be activated by the decrease of energy metabolism in the vestibular nucleus of guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia.4.Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan may promote the energy metabolism functional remodeling by improving the glucose metabolism function and the ATP level of ipsilateral vestibular nucleus in guinea pigs with vestibular dysfunction by acute posterior circulation ischemia,which may be regulated by AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.