The Impact Of The New Rural Cooperative Medical System On The Agricultural Labor Supply Of The Middle And Aged People In Rural Areas

Under the background of the aging population in the country and the deepening of the urbanization process,young laborers in rural areas continue to flow into cities,and the available labor force in rural areas is facing severe shortages.Farmers in the village are the main body of production and management,the shortage of labor supply will seriously affect agricultural production and is not conducive to rural construction and development.Therefore,how to effectively improve the labor supply in rural areas has become an urgent problem to be solved.Compared with rural young adults,the rural middle-aged and elderly people are less able to withstand disease shocks and their physical health is often poor,which will seriously affect their labor supply,so there is a strong demand for health care services.Related research shows that the new rural cooperative medical system is one of the important factors affecting the labor supply,but there are few articles to study the mechanism of the influence of the new agriculture on the labor supply,and the mechanism is not tested.In view of this,based on the compilation of a large number of domestic and foreign literatures,this study uses the 2015 CHARLS data to study 3,719 middle-aged and old-age farmers in China,based on the theory of healthy capital and the theory of labor economics,from the two dimensions of health and income.To construct an analytical framework for the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system on labor supply,and use the econometric model to empirically analyze the magnitude and direction of its impact and verify its impact mechanism.This study is mainly divided into the following three aspects: First,the basic characteristics of the sample farmers and the statistical analysis of labor supply behavior.The second is the theoretical analysis of the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system on the behavior of farmers' labor supply.The third is the empirical analysis of the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system on the behavior of farmers' labor supply.On this basis,the following three conclusions are drawn: First,the hospitalization capping line and the township-level hospitalization compensation ratio in the new rural cooperative medical compensation structure have a significant positive effect on labor supply.The second is that the compensation ratio outside the county and the county does not have a significant effect on the middle-aged and the elderly.The third is to prove that the new rural cooperative medicalsystem has a healthy intermediary effect and a mediating effect on labor supply through the intermediary effect.Based on the above conclusions,this paper proposes the following three countermeasures for how to improve the working conditions of rural middle-aged and elderly people in the context of rural population aging,stabilize agricultural production,and promote rural construction and development:First,we will improve the compensation mechanism of the new agricultural cooperation system,and increase financial and policy support for the new agricultural cooperation system.The second is to promote the construction of an integrated medical insurance system in urban and rural areas.The third is to improve the rural social security system and strengthen the implementation of rural basic medical care.