Research On The Heterogeneity Of Immune Cells In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Based On Single-cell Rna-seq Data

Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is a clonal disease with high heterogeneity,which is most common in all types of acute leukemia.It is characterized by immature myeloid cell abnormal proliferation and bone marrow failure.The occurrence and development of the disease is closely related to the human immune system.The balance of the immune system in the patients with the disease is broken so as to inhibit the function of the immune cells,so that the leukemia cells finally achieve immune escape.At present,the treatment effect and clinical prognosis of many diseases are closely related to the heterogeneity of cells in patients.In this paper,we studied the single cell transcriptome data of 3728 bone marrow immune cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Firstly,we identified the types of immune cells,including monocytes,T-lymphocytes,B-lymphocytes,natural killer cells and dendritic cells,and further identified the subsets of various types of immune cells,and found three different from normal bone monocytes subsets of myeloid cells.There are 3 specific dendritic cell subsets in AML patients.Secondly,the differential expression genes of AML patients were determined by comparing with the normal bone marrow immune cells,and the pseudo time distribution,functional enrichment analysis and gene interaction were carried out to explore the function of the different subpopulations compared with the normal immune cells and reveal the surface labeling and development and differentiation tracks between the different subpopulations.At last,we analyzed the survival of AML patients with TCGA data,and found that the expression level of some genes was related to the overall survival rate of AML patients.When AREG,IFITM3,IL6 ST and other genes are highly expressed,the survival rate of AML patients is significantly reduced.To sum up,this paper takes AML patients’ bone marrow immune cells as the research object to explore the subtype and heterogeneity analysis of AML immune cells,so as to provide direction for future precision medicine,as well as the understanding of cell differences in health and disease.Through the cognition of differences,we can provide more theoretical basis for the relationship between cellular immune status and AML efficacy,and open up new ideas for AML immunotherapy.Some genes thatinfluence the survival time of patients can be used as potential disease risk factors.It is of great significance to find new targets of immunotherapy,improve the long-term survival rate of patients,and reduce the recurrence rate of patients.