Haploid Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation For Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Objective: In order to explore the efficacy of haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS).Methods: The data of patients with MDS who were treated with haploid peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from June 2015 to June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The median age was 33 years(25-45 years),including 3 males and 2 females.According to the World Health Organization(WHO)MDS classification criteria(2008),there were 2 cases of refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia(RCMD),2 cases of refractory anemia with excess blasts(RAEB-1)and 1 case of RAEB-2.Chromosome examination was performed in 5 patients,there was 1 case with aberrant chromosome 7,the rest were normal karyotype.None of the patients received chemotherapy before transplantation.The median time from the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome to transplantation was 3(1-37)months.According to the International Prognostic score system(IPSS),3 patients were at medium risk with blood transfusion dependence and 2 patients were at high risk.The engraftment of neutrophils were in 4 patients and the median time was 17(14-27)days after transplantation.The engraftment of platelet were in 3 patients and the median time was 20(11-23)days.There was 1 patient developed grade Ⅲ acute graft-versus-host disease(a GVHD)and one patient had chronic graft-versus-host disease(c GVHD).One patient died early after the transplant because of veno-occlusive disease(VOD).There were 4 patients survived for more than 100 days,of which 1 patient developed chronic renal graft-versus-host disease and eventually died for multiple organ failure.By the end of the follow-up period,3 of the 5 patients had disease-free survival,the disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate were 60%,and the disease-free survival time was 7.2 to 16.9 months.Conclusions: It can be seen that a good therapeutic effect can be achieved by consanguineous haploid transplantation for young patients with medium and high risk myelodysplastic syndrome.