Very Low Birth Weight Infants With Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicated With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia:analysis Of High Risk Factors

Objective:The aim of the study was to analyze the high risk factors affecting very low birth weight（VLBW）infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS）complicated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD）.Methods:A single-center retrospective study was performed in VLBW infants with NRDS.Clinical data were obtained from the neonatal intensive care unit（NICU）of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2012 and October 2019.The patients were divided into two groups:BPD group and non-BPD group according to the diagnostic criteria of BPD.The data including birth status,maternal pregnancy and birth history,examination and treatment,complications between groups were analyzed with SPSS23.0 statistical software.Results:Among the 179 recruited neonates,70 without BPD,109 with BPD（60.89%）.Mild,moderate and severe BPD accounted for66.97%（73/179）,9.17%（10/179）and 23.86%（26/179）of all BPD cases respectively.The comparison of length of hospital stay,time of antibiotics use,infusion of red blood cell suspension,invasive ventilation time≥7days,fraction of inhaled O₂≥40%,patent ductus arteriosus,pulmonary hypertension（PH）,pneumorrhagia,hemorrhage of digestive tract had significant differences（P<0.05）.Stepwise forward logistic regression analysis showed that red blood cell transfusion（OR=2.423,95%CI:1.103⁵.321）,mechanical ventilation≥7days（OR=3.239,95%CI:1.360⁷.718）,Fraction of inhaled O₂≥40%（OR=2.362,95%CI:1.099⁵.074）,pulmonary hypertension（OR=2.524,95%CI:1.124⁵.667）were high risk factor of VLBW infants with NRDS complicated with BPD.Conclusion:VLBW infants diagnoised with NRDS should actively prevent and treat PH,reduce red blood cell transfusion,keep a proper oxygen concentration and avoid long time mechanical ventilation to prevent BPD.