Inhibition Of Xylooligosaccharide On Colonic Inflammation Caused By High-fat Diet

Obesity,a chronic inflammatory disease,has a huge impact on a global scale that causes high blood pressure,diabetes,and other chronic diseases.More and more studies have shown that long-term obesity may cause intestinal inflammation and increase the risk of colorectal cancer.Gut microbiota is an important "organ" of the human body.Many experimental and clinical results indicate that gut microbes are inextricably linked to human health.The relationship between obesity and changes in gut microbial structure is also an important basis for studying the inflammatory response induced by obesity.As a prebiotic,xylooligosaccharide(XOS)has strong antioxidant capacity and good antibacterial activity.It can be used to produce metabolites and participate in maintaining intestinal ecological balance by gut microbes.This study mainly explored the regulation mechanism of XOS on gut microbial structure and how to relieve colonic inflammation.After adaptive culture,30 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control group(NC,n=10),high-fat diet model group(HFD,n=20).After 7 weeks,the model was successfully divided and the HFD group was randomly divided into two groups: xylooligosaccharide treatment group(HFD+XOS,n=10)and high-fat model group(HFD,n=10).After 14 weeks of experimentation,all rat were took blood from hearts and dissected.Morphological changes were observed by HE staining colon tissue;inflammatory factor expression in plasma was detected by ELISA,expression levels of inflammatory genes and proteins related to colon tissue in rats by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were detected;The microbial composition and SCFA content in the feces were detected and analyzed by 16 S rDNA and GC-MS.The results showed that the average body weight of the rats in the HFD group was significantly higher than that in the NC group,and the weight gain was higher than that in the HFD+XOS group.The quality of perirenal fat and epididymal fat was significantly higher than the other two groups.The results of HE staining showed that HFD caused colonic ulceration and mucosal shedding,the number of goblet cells was significantly reduced,and inflammatory infiltration was significantly relieved after XOS treatment.Compared with HFD group,the levels of TNF-α,MCP1 and LPS in plasma of HFD+XOS group were significantly decreased,IL-10 content was significantly increased;The expression of TNF-α mRNA in colon tissue was significantly decreased while the expression of Ocln mRNA was significantly increased,and the expression of IL-6 protein was significantly decreased.In the analysis of gut microbial diversity,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the HFD+XOS group was significantly reduced and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased,reversing the situation in the HFD group,and the relative abundance of Prevotella was also significantly increased.Although the microbial diversity of the HFD XOS group was reduced,the abundance of its beneficial flora increased.At the same time,the content of short-chain fatty acids in HFD+XOS group was significantly higher than that in HFD group,and there was a positive correlation between acetic acid and Prevotella,lactobacillus and Bacteroidetes.We believe that XOS not only slows the growth of body weight and visceral fat mass in SD obese rats,but also has certain therapeutic effects on ulceration,edema and inflammatory infiltration of colonic epithelial mucosa.At the same time,it also inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory factors LPS,TNF-α,etc.,and alleviates colonic inflammation caused by high-fat diet by regulating gut microbial structure and increasing SCFA content.