| Objective:Codonopsis pilosula,rice-fried Codonopsis pilosula and honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula were taken as the research objects,and the chemical analysis methods were used to compare the composition differences among them.The spleen deficiency model and cyclophosphamide replication immunosuppressive model were established by weight-bearing swimming and fasting every other day.The effects of different processed products on invigorating spleen and invigorating qi were compared,and the mechanism of action was discussed by 1H NMR metabonomics technique.The research provides scientific basis for the traditional processing of Codonopsis pilosula and the clinical application of different processed products.Methods:1.The content of polysaccharide in different processed products of Codonopsis pilosula was compared by ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV-Vis).The contents of5-HMF,glucose and fructose in different processed products of Codonopsis pilosula were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The HPLC characteristic chromatogram method of Codonopsis pilosula was established and the fingerprint difference of different processed products of Codonopsis pilosula was compared.2.The immunosuppressive model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide(40mg kg-1 ·d-1)for 3 days.The effects of Codonopsis pilosula and its different processed products on invigorating qi were studied.The control group,model group,Codonopsis pilosula group(3.75g·kg-1),rice-fried group(3.75g·kg-1)and honey-fried group(3.75g·kg-1)were set up.In addition to the control group,the model group and Codonopsis pilosula processed products group were treated for 14 days at the same time.At the end of the experiment,blood was taken from abdominal aorta,duodenum,jejunum and ileum(about 3cm)were extracted to collect intestinal mucosa mucus,to detected Immune cells,immune factors and serum 1H NMR metabonomics.The number of peripheral blood Immune cells and the expression of CD4+,CD8+ in T lymphocyte subsets were detected.3.The spleen deficiency model was established by weight-bearing swimming and fasting every other day.the spleen-invigorating effect of Codonopsis pilosula and its different processed products was studied.The groups and doses were the same as above,continuous modeling and administration for 21 days.On the last day of the experiment,the body weight and swimming exhaustion time of rats in each group were recorded,and the total cholesterol,triglyceride,creatine kinase,lactate dehydrogenase and glucose in serum were determined.At the same time,1H NMR metabonomics was used to analyze the changes of endogenous metabolites of Codonopsis pilosula and its different processed products in spleen deficiency rats.Results:1.Comparison of chemical constituents: The total polysaccharide content of Codonopsis pilosula and its different processed products did not change significantly,indicating that rice-fried and honey-fried had no effect on the total polysaccharide content of Codonopsis pilosula.5-HMF was not detected in Codonopsis pilosula,but5-HMF could be detected in the processed products of rice-fried and honey-fried,among which the content of honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula was the highest.The order of glucose and fructose content from high to low was Codonopsis pilosula >rice-fried Codonopsis pilosula > honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula.The HPLC characteristic fingerprint of Codonopsis pilosula and its processed products was established.it was pointed out that there were 9 common peaks,and there were 3characteristic peaks in rice-fried Codonopsis pilosula and honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula compared with Codonopsis pilosula.2.Invigorating qi results: Codonopsis pilosula and its processed products could increase the numbers of white blood cells and B lymphocytes,and the ratio of CD4+and CD8+ T cells.The regulation effects of honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula and Codonopsis pilosula on IL-2,Ig G and s Ig A were better than those of rice-fried Codonopsis pilosula.Honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula could significantly decrease levels of leucine,isoleucine,lysine,alanine,glutamate,glutamine,N-acetylglycoprotein,O-acetylglycoprotein and GPC,while the contents of glucose,valine,acetate were increased.It is suggested that the immune function is mainly regulated by three metabolic pathways,namely valine,leucine,isoleucine metabolism,glutamic acid,glutamine metabolism and alanine,aspartic acid,glutamic acid metabolism.3.Invigorating spleen results: Codonopsis pilosula,honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula and rice-fried Codonopsis pilosula could significantly prolong the swimming time of rats with spleen deficiency(P<0.05).Among them,honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula has the longest prolongation time,which has the best effect on improving spleen deficiency in rats,but Codonopsis pilosula and its processed products have no obvious effect on the body weight of spleen deficiency rats.The results of metabonomics showed that honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula could significantly reduce leucine,isoleucine,alanine,acetic acid,glutamic acid,succinic acid,creatine,dimethylamine,dimethylglycine,creatine,phosphocholine,glycerophosphatidylcholine,taurine,inosine,fumaric acid,hypoxanthine,lactic acid content;increased glucose,glycine content in gastrocnemius muscle of rats with spleen deficiency compared with the model group.It is suggested that honey processing may change and affect glucose metabolism,amino acid metabolism,lipid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism.Conclusion:Codonopsis pilosula was processed by different methods,such as rice-fried and honey-fried,and the types and contents of chemical constituents were different.Around its main function of invigorating spleen and invigorating qi,relevant animal experiments showed that,compared with Codonopsis pilosula andrice-fried Codonopsis pilosula,honey-fried Codonopsis pilosula had a better effect on improving spleen deficiency and qi deficiency syndrome. 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