Study On Health Status And Influencing Factors Of Middle Aged And Elderly Residents In Empty-nest Families In Rural Areas Of China

Objective To investigate the health status of middle aged and elderly people living in empty-nest families in rural areas of China,to explore the relevant factors affecting the health status of middle aged and elderly people living in empty-nest families in rural areas of China,and to analyze the differences and main influencing factors of the health status of middle aged and elderly residents living alone and living together with couples in rural areas of China.According to the research results,the influencing factors of empty-nest population's physical and mental health are obtained,and specific countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,so as to improve the physical and mental health of empty-nest population in rural areas of China and achieve healthy agingMethods According to the research objectives,the data of 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)was systematically sorted out,summarized and analyzed.This study mainly explored the health status of two dimensions of physical and mental health about middle aged and elderly residents in empty-nest families aged 45 years and over in rural China.The physical health status was mainly analyzed by self-rated health status and chronic disease status,and the mental health status was mainly analyzed by depressive symptoms.SPSS24.0 and Stata12.0 statistical software were used to analyze the data studied.Firstly,a general descriptive analysis of the relevant information of middle aged and elderly residents in rural areas of China was carried out.Secondly,the physical and mental health status of middle aged and elderly residents living in different ways was compared by chi-square test,and the relationship between the physical and mental health status of middle aged and elderly residents in empty-nest families in rural areas and social demographic characteristics,economic level,health-related behavior and other related factors was analyzed by single factor test.Thirdly,the unconditional binary logistic regression method was used to analyze the related influencing factors of residents' physical and mental health status of the middle aged and elderly people in rural empty-nest families.Finally,using Stata12.0 statistical software to analyze the mental health status of middle aged and elderly people living alone and living together with couples by Fairlie decomposition,and find out the main factors that lead to the difference of mental health status between the middle aged and elderly people living alone and living together with couples.Results The results show:(1)From good to bad,the self-rated health status of middle aged and elderly residents in rural areas in China is in the order of non-empty nest,living alone,and living together with couples.From low to high,the prevalence of chronic diseases is in the order of non-empty nest,living alone,and living together with couples.From low to high,the detection rate of depressive symptoms is in the order of non-empty nest,living together with couples,and living alone.All differences have statistical significance(P<0.05).(2)The poor self-rated health rate,prevalence of chronic diseases and detection rate of depressive symptoms of empty-nestpopulation are relatively high(73.31%,72.52% and 33.84%,respectively),and the health status of empty nesters is worse.(3)There are no significant difference in self-rated health status and the prevalence of chronic disease status between the middle aged and elderly living alone and living together with couples(P>0.05),but there is significant difference in depression status(P<0.05).(4)Fairlie decomposition results show that the main influencing factors of depressive symptoms among middle aged and old people living alone and living together with couples are marital status(56.31%),self-rated health status(-9.01%),length of sleep(8.59%),frequent visits by children(7.13%),self-rated memory status(5.01%),pain(-2.46%),number of surviving children(2.41%).The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression show that:(1)The influencing factors of self-rated health status of middle aged and elderly residents in empty-nest families include drinking status,pain,self-rated memory status,self-rated hearing status and chronic diseases status,and there are all great significance in statistics(P<0.05).(2)The influencing factors of chronic disease status of middle aged and elderly residents in empty-nest families include pain,self-rated memory,self-rated hearing and whether children give financial support,and there are all great significance in statistics(P<0.05).(3)The influencing factors of depressive symptoms of middle-aged and elderly residents in empty-nest families include living style,gender,region,marital status,length of sleep,pain,self-rated memory status,frequent visits by children and self-rated health status,and there are all great significance in statistics(P<0.05).Conclusion The health status of empty nesters in rural China is not optimistic.The self-rated health status of middle aged and elderly residents living together with couples is worse than that of middle aged and elderly residents living alone,but the difference has no statistically significant.The chronic diseases of middle aged and elderly residents lliving together with couples is higher than that of middle aged and elderly residents living alone,but the difference has no statistically significant.The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle aged and elderly residents living together with couples is lower than that of middle aged and elderly residents living alone,the difference has statistically significant.The middle aged and elderly residents living together with couples have health unfairness in the mental health of depressive symptoms.To improve the physical and mental health of empty-nest population in rural areas and realize healthy aging,more attention should be paid to the health status of empty nest women in underdeveloped rural areas and their social status should be improved.;change the sleeping time of empty nesters,help them form good sleeping habits;alleviate the pain of empty-nest population and improve the quality of life of empty-nest population;improve the memory and hearing of empty-nest population and enrich the life experience of empty nesters;change the living style of empty nesters in rural areas and encourage people living alone to "fall in love at dusk" or "get married at sunset".