Changes And Clinical Significance Of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells And Their Subsets In Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Objective:Type 1 diabetes is defined as diabetes caused by destruction of islet cells and absolute deficiency of insulin.The pathogenesis of the disease is not completely clear,it is now considered to be an autoimmune disease caused by the interaction of genetic and immune factors.There are more and more evidences that T cells,NK cells and other immune cells are involved in the development of Type 1 diabetes.In all the immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes,the role of the invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells is gradually emerging.The aim of this study was to investigate the changes and clinical significance of the invariant natural killer T cells and their subsets in peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients.Methods:23 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients and 17 healthy volunteers(from 2015 to 2019)were collected from the First Hospital of Jilin University.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)were isolated by FICOII method,the ratio of main cell subsets of PBMC was determined by flow cytometry.The changes of iNKT cells and their subsets(CD4 +,CD4-CD8-,CD8 +,CD4 + CD8 +)in peripheral blood as well as their correlation with clinical indexes were monitored.Results:Compared with the healthy group,type 1 diabetes mellitus group had significant higher glycated hemoglobin(p=0.00)and fasting blood glucose(p=0.00),while type1 diabetes mellitus group had significant lower fasting c peptide(p=0.00)and BMI(p=0.002).Compared with the healthy group,the absolute number of TCRV?11+iNKT cells in the peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients(p=0.03)was significantly higher.The absolute numbers of CD4+TCRV?11+iNKT cells(p=0.00),CD4+TCRV?24+iNKT cells(p=0.01),CD4+TCRV?24J18+iNKT cells(p=0.00),CD8+TCRV?11+iNKT cells(p=0.021)and CD4+CD8+TCRV?24+iNKT cells(p=0.002)were significantly increased.The absolute number ofCD4-CD8-TCRV?24+iNKT cells(p=0.030)in T1 DM patients was significantly lower than that in HC.In newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients,the absolute number of CD4+TCRV?11+iNKT cells was negatively correlated with BMI(p=0.001,r=-0.492),and the absolute number of CD4+TCRV?24+iNKT cells was negatively correlated with BMI(p=0.014,r=-0.387),the absolute number of CD4+TCRV?24J18+iNKT cells was negatively correlated with BMI(p=0.010,r=-0.402)and positively correlated with glycated hemoglobin(P=0.048,r=0.417).The absolute number of CD4+CD8+TCRV?24+iNKT cells was positively correlated with 30 minutes postprandial C-peptide and 1 hour postprandial C-peptide(p= 0.002,r=0.664;p=0.002,r = 0.669).Conclusion:1.The absolute TCRV?11+ iNKT T cell number was increased in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.The absolute numbers of CD4+ iNKT cells,CD8+ iNKT cells and CD4+CD8 + iNKT cells were increased.The absolute number of CD4-CD8-iNKT cells was decreased.2.The absolute CD4+ iNKT cell number in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin,negetively correlated with BMI.The absolute number of CD4+CD8+ cells was positively correlated with 30 minutes postprandial C-peptide and 1 hour postprandial C-peptide.