Analysis Of The Site Selection Of Pre-qin Settlement In The Upper Reaches Of The Xihanshui River

The upper reaches of the western Han River refer to the channel segment and basin of the western Han River upper than Jiangkou Township,Lixian County,Gansu.And it was known as “Xichui” in ancient times.Since ancient times,it is the place where the ancients recuperated and lived.It has an important position in the history of the Qin people and has always been concerned by the academic community.In the upper reaches of the western Han River,the topography and geomorphology are complex,and the main stream and tributaries are interlaced.The pre-Qin archaeological cultural sequence is relatively complete.There are three periods and nine kinds of archaeological cultures in the pre-Qin period in this area.The remains of archaeological cultures are clear and the regional characteristics are obvious.The settlements are scattered in the tablelands,mountains,and valley areas.In the process of collecting data,the author found that although scholars have made many archaeological studies in the pre-Qin period in the upper reaches of the western Han River,the GIS technology has never been applied to the research field of settlement location analysis.Based on the uniqueness of the geographical environment of the upper reaches of the western Han River and the richness of archaeological materials,it is necessary and feasible to study the site selection of the pre-Qin settlement in the upper reaches of the western Han River.On the basis of the information and data about the regional archaeological investigation materials,topography,hydrological remote sensing images and others of the upper reaches of the western Han River that have been published,this paper analyzes the factors such as the height,slope,aspect and buffer zone of each settlement in the pre-Qin period by using the spatial analysis of GIS technology and other functions.This paper tries to explore the spatial distribution of settlements in the preQin period in the upper reaches of the western Han River,the influencing factors of settlement location and the law of settlement change,and further discuss the influence degree of various environmental factors on the location of the settlement in the pre-Qin period,to enrich the archaeological knowledge of the settlements in this region.According to the analysis,there is a close relationship between settlement location and environment in the upper reaches of the western Han River in pre-Qin period.Different periods and different environmental factors have affected the location of settlements differently,resulting in different distributions of settlements in different times.The topography of the upper reaches of the western Han River is high in the northwest and low in the southeast,and the pre-Qin settlements are mostly distributed in low-altitude areas.The higher the altitude is,the less the settlement is.The pre-Qin settlements were mostly distributed in the low-level terraces and river valleys with sloping terrain in the upper reaches of the western Han River,and were less affected by the slope direction.People only choose south to live slightly consciously.The westward and northward settlements may be related to the direction of the northeast and southwest rivers in the upper reaches of the western Han River.The water source area has an important influence on the location of the pre-Qin settlements in the upper reaches of the western Han River,which may be related to the convenience of water use in the regional river terraces and river valley region.