Plato’s Thought Of National Governance And Its Enlightenment To Contemporary Chinese Social Governance

The third plenary session of the 18th CPC central committee put forward"accelerating the formation of scientific and effective social governance system",which later is summarized as social governance.It is an active response to the problems arising from the comprehensively deepening reform in the period of social transformation by the party and the state.During this period,China has encountered many problems in politics,economy,culture,morality and other aspects.lt also means that the rules of conduct are getting worse.With the increasing of subject consciousness,the traditional "control" mode of management had not been adapted to,and only make the contradiction between the government and the public increasingly sharp.Social governance emphasizes multiple participation.The government,citizens and civic organizations jointly manage social affairs to transform government functions,guarantee and improve people’s livelihood and achieve all-round development of people.The word "governance" is a foreign product.China has some theoretical research achievements on it,but it has not enough practical experience.China and western countries have many differences in history,culture and system.Therefore,the introduction of "governance" in social management needs to absorb the foreign excellent ideas,while it also need to focus on China’s national conditions.As the sage of the western countries,Plato’s thoughts on national governance are still shining today,and countless politicians and thinkers have worked tirelessly to study it.This paper expounds Plato’s idea of national governance,analyzes the enlightenment of Plato’s thoughts of national governance on Chinese social governance and puts forward some suggestions.This paper is divided into five chapters.The first part is an introduction,which mainly analyzes the purpose and significance of the research.A western thinker once said that Plato’s thought had great influence on later generations.We can even say that the idea of national governance after him is either Platonism or anti-platonism.Therefore,no matter from which angle to study Plato’s national governance thought,we can make suggestions for contemporary Chinese social governance.This part also expatiates the domestic and foreign research on Plato’s national governance ideology and social governance,each has its own achievements.However,there are some deficiencies,and few scholars have studied how to sinify the national governance of Plato.Therefore,the focus and difficulty of this paper is how to combine Plato’s national governance thought with China’s national conditions,and make suggestions on Chinese social governance according to China’s national conditions.The second part is a brief summary of Plato’s life,and analyzes his national governance thought formation process.In this process,the political situation of Socrates and Athens had a fundamental influence on Plato’s early national governance.Plato’s early idea of national governance,to a certain extence,is the idea of Socrates,and his early work is the account of Socrates’ thoughts.Later in Syracuse,Plato gradually formed his own ideas,making it more realistic.On this basis,this part further analyzes the development and change of Plato’s governance thought.The third part mainly elaborates the main content of Plato’s national governance thought.Plato’s thought of national governance consists mainly of the view of justice,the philosopher king,the view of government and education,and the formation of these national governance ideas is inseparable from his philosophy.Plato’s thought of national governance has certain internal relations.the harmonious soul can keep the city-state in order and lead to the goal of social harmony.At the same time,only the harmony between the soul and the city-state can produce justice.The generation of justice needs to have the right education,thus forming Plato’s view of education.The fourth part mainly analyzes the enlightenment of Plato’s thoughts of national governance on contemporary Chinese social governance.China is in the social transition period,the social structure is diversified and the rules of conduct are getting worse.In view of the special situation of China,this paper analyzes the enlightenment of contemporary Chinese social governance from four aspects:Plato’s view of justice,philosopher king,government and education.The fifth part is to put forward suggestions and measures to contemporary Chinese social governance on the basis of the previous four parts.In order to promote social governance,China should first have a correct value orientation and formulate corresponding institutional policies under the guidance of this value orientation.In the process of social governance,the more subjects are involved,the more it needs to be regulated by law to regulate the behaviors of each subject,while the words and actions of the government would have certain influence on other subjects.Therefore,China’s social governance should adhere to the unification of the legal system,the rule of law and the rule of virtue.The implementation of representative democracy in China and the implementation of direct democracy have great difficulties.Therefore,the process of promoting democracy in our country must adhere to the unity of elite governance and democratic governance.