Study On The Transformation From Traditional Scholar To Modern Writer

In the period of the social transition of late Qing and early republic,Chinese modern literature has two missions: first,recording the spiritual experience of Chinese people in the era of change;second,try to achieve self-renewal of the literary system.The reform of the literary system includes the evolution of literary noumenon,the transformation of writing subjects,the development of media and the transformation of readers.At present,the research of modern literary transformation mainly focuses on the analysis of literary texts.The work,that analyzing the influence of the writing subjects’ transformation on the reform of modern literary system,needs to be strengthened.In this paper,Writer Group of the Southern Society that appeared during the revolution of 1911 is proposed as the research object.This group between Reform Movement and New Culture Movement is regarded as a typical representative of a special period of writing subjects’ transformation from the traditional scholar to the modern writer.Compared to traditional scholar,the Writer Group of the Southern Society have a new change with the aim of modern writers in different aspects such as knowledge structure,social thought and social identity.In the knowledge structure aspect,different from the traditional scholar who established academic knowledge system centered on the Confucian classics with “Jing Shi Zi Ji” as the basic pattern through the imperial examination,the Writer Group of the Southern Society actively participated in the modernization of Chinese academic culture.While translating and introducing new culture knowledge,they were also organizing the national cultural heritage.This practice extends their humanistic perspective and adjust their cognitive style,so that promoting their knowledge structure modernization.In the social thought aspect,different from the traditional scholar who took “Tian Xia” as the basic spatial cognition and made assisting the emperor into the first choice for self-realization and basically surrendered to the autocratic monarchy,the Writer Group of the Southern Society was deeply involved in the reform movement of modern Chinese society.In this practice,they gradually developed the consciousness of building a national community,took enlightening the mass as the main method of self-realization,and defined the political beliefs of "democracy" and "republic".This makes them close to modern writers with modern social consciousness.In the social identity aspect,different from the traditional scholar who was closely dependent on the imperial examination system in patriarchal society and put the officials and gentry as the main social identities,the Writer Group of the Southern Society interrupted the connection with the feudal regime,because of the abolition of the imperial examination and was liberated from traditional social structure.Along with the gradual establishment of professional society and the fluctuation of revolutionary tide,they gradually turned to modern professional writers who were represented by revolutionary propagandist and culture practitioner.The modern cultural personality formed by these new knowledge structure and social thought and social identity,potentially determines the literary and cultural practice of modern literary writing subject represented by the Writer Group of the Southern Society.In specific writing activities,they promoted the modern transformation of Chinese literature’s overall vision,value orientation and writing method,meanwhile,they also realized the transformation from traditional scholar to modern writer.It is meaningful to summarize the role of modern literary creation in promoting the transformation of modern literature by analyzing the influence of the new changes of these writers on the development of literature.And this kind of research will help us to understand the transformation of modern intellectuals and the transformation of modern literature,explore the process of modern literary writing team ‘s formation and literary order’s reconstruction,and sorts out the principles underlying the development of modern Chinese literature.