Research On The Literacy Campaign In Xiangtan County (1950-1957)

In the early days of the People’s Republic of China,Thousands of illiterates seriously restrict the national economic construction and production development.To change the situation,The communist party of China and the Chinese government learn from the experience and methods of literacy campaigns before liberation,and carried out large-scale literacy campaigns nationwide.Xiangtan county,as a pilot area in hunan province,has achieved outstanding results in this movement,Its literacy work is representative in hunan province and even the whole country.Based on the historical data,this paper aims to study the literacy movement in xiangtan county in the early period of the PRC.By comprehensively combing through the early stage of the founding of the PRC until the greatleap forward(1950-1957)xiangtan county’s literacy movement,tryingto restore the true face of xiangtan literacy movement from 1950 to 1957,The purpose is to sum up achievement experience,dissect problem insufficient.The author believes that the literacy campaign in xiangtan county had achieved remarkableresults and had a profound impact on the economic developmentand social progress in xiangtan area.This article has four parts.The first part introduces the administrative division of xiangtan county in the early days of the PRC,and summarizesthe background of the anti-illiteracy movemen t in xiangtan county.Education is not only a reflection of the central call,but also an objective need for the development of xiangtan county.At the same time,in 1953 as the demarcation point,the two phases of xiangtan county’s literacy campaign were discussed in detail.The second part analyzes the specific development process ofthe illiteracy move ment in xiangtan county in the early daysof the PRC.To find out who is to lead the literacy work,how to carry out literacy work,literacy issues such as what way,this part discusses the leadership organization setup,literacy,teaching method and effect of these measures.The third part based on the foreword,summarizes the experience gained from the literacy campaign in xiangtan county.The importance of leadership,the cultivation of teachers and the appropriate incentives are the catalysts for the development of literacy campaigns.The fourth part analysis the deficiency of the xiangtan county literacy campaign,although has obtained the remarkable result,many cadres and the masses is no longer illiterate,but assault teaching,do not pay attention to consolidate,literacy movement unbalanced development,not guaranteed education funds,etc.