A Diachronic Study On Enterprise Innovation Policies Of American Government From The Perspective Of Critical Discourse Analysis

The report of the 19 th CPC National Congress proposed that innovation is the primary driving force for development and the strategic support for the construction of a modern economic system.In the report,the key word “innovation” was emphasized more than 50 times,and it was proposed that by 2035,China will succeed in becoming a front-runner for innovative countries.Therefore,it is of great importance that how to formulate reasonable and effective innovation policies to legally ensure the achievement of this goal.However,at present,China’s innovation acts are not complete.Studying the innovation policy of advanced countries is conducive to formulating innovation policies that suit China’s national conditions.As the world’s largest economic power,the United States has always been at the forefront of innovative countries.The main purpose of this thesis is to use the Critical Discourse Analysis theory to analyze the 30 enterprises innovation acts in the United States over the past four decades to reveal how the U.S.government uses discourse strategies to formulate corporate innovation policies and ensure the effective implementation of innovation policies,so that to find inspiration for the development of China’s innovation.The theory of Critical Discourse Analysis originated from critical linguistics.It is a method of discourse analysis proposed and developed in the late 1970 s and early 1980 s,which aims to explain the influences of ideology and power on discourse by analyzing the language forms.On this basis,the author takes Fairclough’s three-dimensional analysis model as the theoretical framework,and uses Critical Discourse Analysis theory to analyze the policy documents issued by the U.S.government on enterprises innovation.The analysis and discussion part of the thesis is divided into three stages: description,interpretation and explanation.In the first stage,the author uses systemic-functional grammar—a powerful tool for Critical Discourse Analysis,to describe the language of innovative decrees in terms of vocabulary,tone,personal pronouns,and modal verbs;and in the second stage,the relationship between language and ideology is interpreted.In the third stage,from the perspective of social historical context and the power relations of discourse,the author explains in detail how the innovation acts are generated,that is,the political,economic,and cultural background of the era in which the U.S.government formulated the innovation policies.This research shows that: 1.In political texts,writers consciously use various language means to influence the attitudes and choices of the legal audiences.In the formulation of the innovation policy acts,the U.S.government uses various forms of language skills to construct texts such as vocabulary choices,transitivity,mood,personal pronouns,modal verbs,etc.,and adjusts its relationship with the audiences of acts in order to achieve its political purpose;2.On the ideological level,the relationship between the U.S.government and the enterprise is unequal,and the unequal power relations give the U.S.government an absolute right to speak in the drafting of the acts;the formulation is largely influenced by the current political,economic and cultural situation.Through further research,it has been found that in the formulation of innovation policies,with the development of the times,the U.S.government has paid more and more attention to the dominance of enterprises in innovation and is more inclined to make companies,rather than scientific institutions or universities,the main body of innovation.Meanwhile,it has formulated more targeted policies to encourage enterprises innovation.The measures have certain inspirations and references for China,who still makes scientific research institutions the main force for innovation.Through the critical discourse analysis on the U.S.’s enterprises innovation acts,this research enriches the application of Critical Discourse Analysis in the study of legal texts and broadens the research of enterprises innovation policies,so as to promote the further development and improvement in China’s innovation acts.