The Study On Faunal Remains From Dasikong Site,Anyang,in 2016

Dasikong Site is located about 3 kilometers northwest of Anyang City,Henan Province,in the northeast of Yin Ruins.The west is opposite to the palace and ancestral temple quarter at Xiaotun.The south side is separated from the Hougang Site by the Juan River and the north is next to the Huanbei-City site.It belongs to the key area of the general protection area of the Yin Ruins.The main cultural relics of this site belong to the Yinxu period,and the absolute age was 1300 BC-1046 BC.The Animal remains of the Dasikong site are from the four periods,namely,Yinxu Phase I,Yinxu Phase ?,Yinxu Phase ? and Yinxu Phase IV.There were 36962 remains of unearthed animals in the site,of which 4340 were unearthed in Yinxu Phase I,6804 were unearthed in Yinxu Phase ?,13677 were unearthed in Yinxu Phase III,and 12141 were unearthed in Yinxu Phase ?.A total of 13,360 specimens were identified,accounting for 36.15%of the total number of bones excavated from the site.Animal species mainly include pig,cattle,sheep,dog,horse,sika deer,Milu(additionally large deer,medium-sized deer and small deer that species cannot be identified),rat,rabbit,fox,beaver,clamshell,trionychidae,grass carp,yellow-head catfish meat,carp,black carp crucian,pheasant,phasianidae,large birds,etc.Dasikong site is mainly dominated by domesticated animals,supplemented by wild animals,of which pigs,cattle and sheep are the main livestock.From the measurement size,it is not excluded that there are a few wild boar individuals.Based on the number of identifiable specimens and the minimum number of individuals,the scale of livestock breeding is generally expanded,with pork as its main source of meat.Through the analysis of the age structure,pigs and cattle are basically in line with the pattern of meat production.In addition to meat production,the purpose of raising sheep may be the use of secondary products such as milk production and wool production.From the distribution of bone parts,the distribution frequency of bone parts of pigs,cattle and sheep are not balanced.which may be related to factors such as density,healing time,utilization value and volume.In addition,the number of scapula bones of cattle is the least,and it is speculated that it may be used as a raw material supply for oracle bones,so it rarely appears in living relics.From the bone traces of mammals,it can be found that the influence of weathering on bones is very low.Traces of bitings of rodents and carnivores are also rare.The most numerous traces are cutting mark,chopping mark,sawing marks.Cutting mark,chopping mark,and sawing marks may be caused during the process of making the bone and the bones with burn marks may be left behind by the barbecue.The most common animal species in the tombs are pigs,followed by cattle,sheep,and dogs.The burial animals are between near adulthood and adulthood.Animal species and age are consistent with the results in the remains of life.