From Association To Recognization-Study On The Axel Honneth’s Criticism And Construction Theory Of Habermas’ S Communicative Action Theory

Being the second generation central figure of the Frankfurt school,Habermas tries to reconstruct Marx’s historical materialism,adjusts the relationship between instrumental rationality and value rationality.He founds the theory of communicative action to coordinate the relationship between the objective world,social world and the subjective world,unifies instrumental behavior and communicative behavior on the basis of universal pragmatic,to realize the equal association in an ideal language environment.As a Frankfurt school’s third generation central figure,Honneth develop the Frankfurt school.His recognition theory is based on a multicultural background,taking human needs and self identity problem into consideration.What’s more,Honneth takes the contempt and resistance as the inner motive power of social development,the pursuit of freedom as the core of the "good life".The paper focuses on the discussion Honneth’s recognition theory in what aspects which inherits and carries forward the social critical theory,and which ideas of Habermas’ inspires Honneth’s recognition theory,as well as his recognition theory implications for special attention of the world modernity and China’s modernization process.The study starts from the rebuilding historical materialism,the standpoint of Habermas’ communicative action theory,discusses the content of Habermas’ communicative action theory including and social evolution theory,etc.The communicative action theory of Habermas’ overcomes the social lack of early critical theory by the understanding and harmonious act among communicative behavior subjects who carry out free and equal exchanges through language or other medium.But in Honneth’s view,there are many dilemmas in Habermas’ communicative action theory.First,it’s inappropriate to explain the society with "specification".Honneth thinks that only the social conflict dynamics can promote the development of the society.Second,communication paradigm need to be understood as recognition theory because of lacking of social behavior physical dimension.Third,communication behavior lacks the normative basis because of giving up the normative content of labor.As a theoretical attempt,Honneth’s recognition theory and the conception of plural justice expands the critical theory of Frankfurt School.But this theory has idealism color because of lacking of realistic basis,and because Honneth takes the contempt of experience as the moral motivation to explain social conflict event.Honneth’s recognition theory and the conception of plural justice enrich the idea of " humanism ",then promote the development of the justice theory.In real life,we will deal with international disputes based on human rights recognition,tackle the issue of European refugees based on humanistic idea,and adhere to the concept of justice in the realization of the "Chinese dream".