Study On The Rise Of Hefei Zhang’s In The Late Qing Dynasty And "Zhang’s Four Sisters" Kun Opera Activities

Zhang Yuan-he,Zhang Yun-he,Zhang Zhao-he,and Zhang Chong-he,the four sisters were descendants of Zhang Shu-sheng,the general of the Huai Army in the late Qing Dynasty.They were originally from Hefei and grew up in Suzhou.They were relished because of their common hobbies and the combination of literary and art circles.Zhang Yuan-he,Zhang Yun-he,and Zhang Chong-he all devoted their lives to the inheritance of Kun Opera and enjoyed a high reputation in the world of opera.Although the Zhang Zhao-he’s contribution of Kun Opera was not obvious to her sisters,the author has found that her attention to this art was also throughout her life.The four sisters came into contact with Kun Opera in their childhood,and later they were taught by professional actors their father Zhang Ji-you asked in home.These are inseparable from the cultural atmosphere of their family.Although the direct creation of this atmosphere is mainly due to their parents,the economic basis for such cultural pursuits and the creation of this atmosphere is inherited from the ancestors represented by Zhang Shu-sheng,and the four sisters had a strong sense of identity with their family.Therefore,this article explores the Kun Opera activities of the four sisters from the rise of the Zhang’s.This thesis is divided into three chapters.The first chapter discusses the rise of the Zhang family in Hefei in the late Qing Dynasty.According to the thoughts of the cause,the passage and the result,it is believed that:Zhang Yin-gu’s insights have made Zhang’s opportunity to rise and achievements of Zhang Shu-sheng and his brothers have promoted the social status of Zhang’s;Zhang Hua-kui and his brothers official engagements and marriages have consolidated Zhang’s political strength,the prominent position of Zhang’s rise has laid a solid economic foundation.These wealth not only provided Zhang Ji-you with a guarantee for creating a career in the field of education,but also provided him with more choices for the education of the four sisters.Therefore,the four sisters can study the requirements of Kun Opera,which takes a lot of time and money.The second chapter studies the cultural education of the Zhang’s.The emphasis on the imperial examinations by the parents represented by Zhang Yin-gu and Zhang Shu-sheng prompted Zhang’s to form a culture of diligent study.In the change of the political situation,the Zhang’s viewed the problem from an open perspective.This vision was also transferred to the cultural field after inheritance,and the important force supporting the development of family style lies in the family’s strong advocacy for education.The four sisters grew up in an atmosphere of reading and learning.In the era of change,they used the open vision to draw on the excellent culture of ancient and modern China and foreign countries.They have both lofty ambitions and practical actions,and thus can be in the history of modem cultural history,especially in the history of Kun Opera,leaving a significant impact.The third chapter analyzes the Kun Opera activities of the four sisters,for example,their propagation view,development view,interview view of Kun Opera,and the relationship between classical cultural accomplishments and Kun Opera activities.The four sisters’ attitudes towards Kun Opera did not stay at the level of hobbies,but spread them with a sense of mission.In the development of Kun Opera,they insisted on preservation and innovation.In interaction with Kun Opera fans,they wanted to unite everyone that is conducive to the development of this art.Their activities were inseparable from their deep cultural literacy.The conclusion is to summarize the relationship between Zhang’s four sisters’ Kun Opera activities and family culture.The four sisters had outstanding achievements in the history of culture,rooted in several generations of the Zhang’s from political to economic and cultural accumulation.