Exploration And Intervention Of Adults’ Regret

Everyone has the experience of regret,which is universal.As individuals experience more regret events,they feel more depressed and have lower life satisfaction.If we immerse ourselves in regret for a long time,it will bring tremendous pressure to people’s life,work and study,and affect individual’s physical and mental health.The purpose of this study is to collect data through semi-structured interviews to understand the characteristics of adults’ regret,and on this basis,to compile the questionnaire of adults’ regret,and combined with the "happiness index scale",to explore the current statue and differences of adults’ regret,and the relationship between regret and happiness.Afterwards,according to the results of interviews and questionnaires,adults’regret situational materials were compiled to explore the influence of different event types,behavior patterns and time distance on regret.Finally,the intervention activities were carried out,and cognitive behavior-oriented group counseling activities were adopted to explore the influence of self-designed regret intervention programs on adults’ regret and happiness.The study is divided into three studies.mainly using interview method,situational hypothesis method,questionnaire method and other research methods.The results of each part are as follows:(1)Study one is divided into two parts:First,semi-structured interviews was used to interviewe 45 adults to explore the characteristics of adults’ regret.Afterwards,on the basis of qualitative research,the adults’ regret questionnaire was compiled to understand the current situation of adults’ regret and its relationship with happiness.The results of the two parts are as follows:①Qualitative research part:the nature of regret is the individual for the event has occurred,caused by counterfactual thinking,based on the comparison between the reality of the results and more ideal counterfactual results,accompanied by negative emotional experience and individual self-blame,and show the willingness to change the reality of the results or behavior;The contents of regret can be summarized as self incident and others incident.Self-events mainly include study,work,daily chores,physical health,time management,interests,talents,money and materials,etc.Other events mainly include marriage,love,the company of relatives,interpersonal relationship,child rearing,etc.The causes of regret can be divided into individual factors,event-related factors and environmental factors.The manifestation of regret includes both external expression and internal experience,and the internal experience is the main one.Coping measures can be divided into negative coping and positive coping.②Quantitative research part:according to the above qualitative results,the questionnaire of adults’ regret was compiled.The questionnaire has 24 questions,including 4 dimensions,namely,inaction regret,action regret,regret experience,regret response.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire are good.The results showed that the regret level of adults was above the average level.Individuals in late adulthood had the lowest regret;The regret degree of individuals with junior middle school education and below was higher,while the regret degree of those with senior high school education was relatively lower.Rural adults’ regret more than urban adults;Combined with the happiness index scale,it was found that adults’ regret was significantly negatively correlated with happiness.(2)According to the results of study 1,regret situation test was constructed in study 2,the mixed design of 6(event type)×2(behavior pattern:action/inaction)×2(time distance:one week ago/one year ago)×3(age:young/middle-aged/old)was adopted to explore the influence of different event types,behavior patterns and time distance on the degree of regret.Results showed:①Adults of different ages had different levels of regret in different situations under different behavioral styles and time distances.②In the action situation,the regret degree of the short time distance was higher than that of the long time distance;in the inaction situation,the regret degree of the long time distance was higher than that of the short time distance.③Although the regret degree of action was slightly higher than that of inaction in the short time distance,there was no difference in the regret degree in different behaviors.The regret degree of the inaction situation was much higher than that of the action situation.④the situation is unique.The regret degree of health and interest situation was higher in the long time distance.The regret degree in the study hard and care parents situation was higher in the short time distance than in the long time term,and the regret degree was higher in the short time distance.But over time,regret dropped fastest in the study hard situation.⑤In the action situation,individuals in later adulthood had the lowest score for regret;In the middle and late adulthood,the regret degree of the participants in the inaction situation was higher than that in the action situation.(3)Study 3 used 2(pre-test/post-test)×2(intervention group/control group)mixed experimental design,combined with cognitive theory to develop regret intervention program,in order to investigate the impact of cognitive behavioral orientation group counseling on improving adults’ regret and promoting happiness.Results showed:①Through the feedback of members,it can be seen that the subjective experience of group counseling effect was good,and members recognized and trusted the leader and the activity.②After the intervention of group counseling,the regret degree of adults was significantly reduced,mainly reflected in the regret experience and regret coping,and the happiness was significantly improved,including the improvement of emotional index and life satisfaction.